Comparative evaluation of effectiveness of 2 percent lignocaine HCl, 2 percent lignocaine HCl with 0.2 ml 10 percent magnesium sulfate and 2 percent lignocaine HCl with 1:200,000 adrenaline 0.2 ml 10 percent magnesium sulfate in infraorbital nerve block- a randomized controlled trial

This study is a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial designed to compare the effectiveness of different local anesthetic combinations for infraorbital nerve block (IONB) in patients requiring extraction of maxillary premolars. A total of 90 patients, aged 18–60 years, will be randomly allocated into three groups (n = 30 per group).

• Group A: 2% lignocaine hydrochloride (plain)
• Group B: 2% lignocaine hydrochloride + magnesium sulfate
• Group C: 2% lignocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline + magnesium sulfate

The primary outcomes will include:

1. Onset of anesthesia
2. Duration of anesthesia
3. Pain intensity, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS)
4. Post-operative analgesic requirement at predefined time intervals

The study aims to identify the most effective anesthetic combination for achieving optimal pain control during extraction of maxillary premolars.