EFFECT OF INDOCYANINE GREEN MEDIATED PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY ON PERIODONTAL INFLAMMATORY MARKERS TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR- ALPHA AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 8 AROUND PERI-IMPLANT SULCUS AFTER PLACEMENT OF CROWN- A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Dental implants are considered to be one of the most commonly used treatment options in the replacement of missing teeth. Bacterial colonization occurs rapidly on oral implant surfaces, after installation in oral cavity. More bacterial penetration was detected through screw hole of suprastructures than marginal gaps, and bacteria from the internal cavities are associated with peri-implant bone loss. So, it seems reasonable to timely disinfect the inner surface of suprastructures and reduce the bacteria flow outside into the sulcus, therefore reducing the incidence of peri-implantitis.

Novel approaches are still necessary to solve this problem. One such modality is the photodynamic therapy. This therapy, introduced by von Tappeiner, uses red light, infrared light and diode lasers with a certain wavelength to reduce the number of microorganisms in the body. The transfer of energy leads to the release of free oxygen radicals, which destroy bacteria and their by-products.

Antibacterial indocyanine green is a potential new photosensitizer which has gained special attention in dentistry. It has the ability to absorb light around 805 nm wavelength which is closer to absorption peak of most diode lasers and has advantages like, free of side effects, simple handling for practitioner and patient, low toxicity and has ability to eliminating periodontal pathogens, including P. gingivalis.

Peri-implant sulcular fluid contain biomarkers to diagnose and predict future disease which aids in choosing a specific treatment protocol. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and Matrix metalloproteinase-8 have been proven to increase in peri-implantitis by causing extracellular matrix degradation and bone resorption.

Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy on periodontal inflammatory markers Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 around peri-implant sulcus after placement of crown.