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A Real-world Registry Investigating Sirolimus-coated Balloon Versus Paclitaxel-coated Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of Dysfunctional Arteriovenous Fistula

Conditions
Stenosis
Dialysis Access Malfunction
Interventions
Device: Sirolimus Drug Coated Balloon
Device: Paclitaxel Drug Coated Balloon
Registration Number
NCT05333640
Lead Sponsor
Singapore General Hospital
Brief Summary

Drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty has been shown to be superior to POBA in the treatment of stenosis in AVF. This is because the very intervention used to treat underlying stenosis by POBA can induce vascular injury and accelerate intimal hyperplasia, resulting in rapid restenosis and need for repeated procedure to maintain vessel patency. The anti-proliferative drug that is coated on the surface of balloon is released to the vessel wall during balloon angioplasty and blunt the acceleration of intimal hyperplasia response, resulting in improved primary patency after angioplasty. Additionally, unlike stents, DCB does not leave a permanent structure that may impede future surgical revision. Recent randomized control trials (RCT) have shown the superiority of paclitaxel durg-coated balloon (PDCB) over POBA in the treatment of stenosis in AVFs. In a large multicenter RCT, PDCB was demonstrated to result in a 6-month target lesion primary patency of 82.2% compared to 59.5% for POBA. However, concerns had also arisen recently in the use of PDCB. In large lower limb studies involving the use of paclitaxel devices, meta-analysis by Katsanos et al had revealed increased late risk mortality in patient that are treated with PDCB or paclitaxel-coated stent.

Sirolimus drug-coated balloon (SDCB) is the new generation of drug eluting balloons that are available in the market. Compared to paclitaxel, sirolimus is cytostatic in its mode of action with a high margin of safety. It has a high transfer rate to the vessel wall and effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in the porcine coronary model. The effectiveness of SDCB in patients with dialysis access dysfunction has been shown in a small pilot study in AVF stenosis and AVG thrombosis. SAVE AVF registry ams to assess the efficacy and safety of SDCB vs PDCB angioplasty.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
200
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age 21-85 years
  • Patient who required balloon angioplasty for dysfunctional or thrombosed AVF
  • Successful thrombolysis and angioplasty of the underlying stenosis, defined as less than 30% residual stenosis on Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) based on visual assessment of the operator and restoration of thrill in the AVF on clinical examination. For concurrent asymptomatic or angiographically not significant central vein stenosis, patients can be included in no treatment is required.
  • received either PDCB or SDCB for the treatment of stenosis.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patient unable to provide informed consent
  • Presence of symptomatic or angiographically significant central vein stenosis who require treatment, with more than 30% residual stenosis post angioplasty
  • Patients who had underwent stent placement within the AVF circuit
  • Sepsis or active infection
  • Recent intracranial bleed or gastrointestinal bleed within the past 12 months.
  • Allergy to iodinated contrast media, heparin, paclitaxel or sirolimus
  • Pregnancy
  • Inadequate treatment of underlying stenosis, defined as >= 30% residual stenosis of the underlying lesions.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
AVFs treated with Sirolimus Drug Coated BalloonSirolimus Drug Coated BalloonDysfunctional matured AVF that have underwent thrombolysis or balloon angioplasty with SDCB within 6 months witll be considered for the registry.
AVFs treated with Paclitaxel Drug Coated BalloonPaclitaxel Drug Coated BalloonDysfunctional matured AVF that have underwent thrombolysis or balloon angioplasty with PDCB within 6 months witll be considered for the registry.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Circuit Primary Patency Rate at 6 months6 months post-op

Circuit primary patency is lost if patient has to undergo a repeat intervention that is clinically driven. Clinically driven indication may be based on physical examination such as loss of thrill, pulsatile flow or swollen arm.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Circuit Primary Patency at 12 months12 months post-op

Circuit primary patency is lost if patient has to undergo a repeat intervention that is clinically driven. Clinically driven indication may be based on physical examination such as loss of thrill, pulsatile flow or swollen arm.

Target Lesion Restenosis6 and 12 months post-op

Incidence of stenosis \>50% diameter of adjacent reference vessel segment from angiography images

Number of repeat interventions to treated lesion6 and 12 months post-op
Target lesion revascularization free interval12 months post-op

Interval from intervention to repeat clinically driven target lesion reintervention

Complication rates of the procedureTime of procedure

Categorised according to SIR definitions (Aruny et al)

Number of repeat interventions to maintain access circuit6 and 12 months post-op

This will include interventions to treated lesion

Mortality rates of patients6 and 12 months post-op

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Singapore General Hospital

🇸🇬

Singapore, Singapore

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