A prospective randomized controlled clinical study on treatment duration and early tooth movement in surgical exposure and orthodontic traction of impacted maxillary canines with intentional luxation (Intentional Luxation - Canine Exposure and Traction)

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•Patients aged 8 to 12 years who were diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral impacted maxillary canines at the orthodontic department of our institution.
•Cases in which the impacted maxillary canine is located labial to the alveolar crest of the dental arch on CBCT.
•Cases in which both preoperative and postoperative panoramic radiographs and CBCT images can be obtained.
•Patients for whom written informed consent for participation in the study, including orthodontic treatment, has been obtained.
•Cases in which the crown of the impacted canine is located in Sector 2 or 3 according to the Ericson and Kurol classification.
•Cases in which the angle between the long axis of the canine and the occlusal plane is 90 degrees or less on panoramic radiographs, without severe inversion or horizontal impaction.
•Cases in which the cusp tip of the maxillary canine is located between the cementoenamel junction of the ipsilateral lateral incisor and the nasal floor on panoramic radiographs, without marked low positioning.
•Cases without odontogenic tumors, for example odontoma, or cystic lesions requiring additional surgical intervention on preoperative CBCT.
•Cases in which there is no severe root resorption of adjacent teeth, and the operator judges that both conventional surgical exposure and exposure with intentional luxation can be performed with comparable safety.

•Cases with odontogenic tumors (e.g., odontoma) or cystic lesions requiring additional surgical intervention.
•Cases in which severe root resorption or ankylosis is suspected based on preoperative imaging.
•Cases in which surgical treatment is considered inappropriate due to systemic conditions.
•Cases in which written informed consent for participation in the study cannot be obtained.
•Cases in which surgical exposure and orthodontic traction have already been initiated.
•Cases deemed ineligible for randomization, or cases in which the operator determines that one of the treatment methods should be strongly recommended based on clinical judgment; such cases will be excluded from the randomized comparison and managed as part of routine clinical care.

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