Effects of Progressive Relaxation Exercises and Planned Training After Cesarean Section on Pain, Anxiety and Comfort
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 129
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Visual Analog Scale
研究概览
简要总结
Effects of Progressive Relaxation Exercises and Planned Training after Cesarean Section on Pain, Anxiety and Comfort
详细描述
The study consisted of a total of 129 women who underwent cesarean section (progressive relaxation exercise group: 43, planned training group: 43, control group: 43). Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Postpartum Comfort Scale. Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences (p˂0.05) in the mean scores of the Visual Analog Scale, State Anxiety Inventory, Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Postpartum Comfort Scale in the post-test after exercise and training for women in the exercise, training, and control groups. After progressive relaxation exercise and training, pain levels decreased in women in the exercise and training groups, anxiety levels decreased in women in the training group, and comfort levels increased in women in both the exercise and training groups.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 19 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •on the first postoperative day,
- •at least four hours after analgesic administration,
- •mobilized,
- •with their baby present,
- •their baby without any health problems,
- •without any physical or mental illness,
- •without communication problems,
- •who volunteered to participate were included in the study.
排除标准
- •women who were not present on the first postoperative day,
- •had not received analgesic treatment for at least four hours,
- •were not mobile,
- •did not have their baby with them,
- •their baby had any health problems,
- •they had a physical or mental illness,
- •they had difficulty communicating,
- •they did not volunteer to participate were excluded from the study.
研究组 & 干预措施
Progressive Relaxation Exercises after Cesarean Section
Progressive relaxation exercises began with breathing exercises, continued with muscle relaxation exercises, and lasted 30 minutes. Before starting the exercise, the environment was made quiet and free from external disturbances. The patient was also seated comfortably, and standard meditation music was played during the exercise. Progressive relaxation exercises combine the contraction and relaxation of large muscle groups such as the face, arms, legs, neck, and back with deep breathing. The exercises were performed by taking a deep breath, tensing the muscles, maintaining this tension for 5-7 seconds, and then relaxing the muscles (15-20 seconds). Throughout the exercise, the individual was instructed to continue breathing slowly and deeply through the nose and exhaling through the mouth.
干预措施: Progressive Relaxation Exercise group (Behavioral)
Planned Training after Cesarean Section
The training group received pre-planned training based on the literature. The training content included topics such as postpartum uterine changes, bleeding and vaginal discharge, elimination, sleep and rest, postpartum blues, medication use, initiation of sexual intercourse, timing of the resumption of menstruation, contraceptive methods, nutrition, breast care and breast problems, infant care, breastfeeding, and infant vaccinations. During the training, educational materials such as illustrated guides on family planning were used, and an educational brochure prepared by the researcher based on the literature was also given to the women after the training. The training was conducted face-to-face with each woman by the researcher, in accordance with adult education principles, and lasted 30-45 minutes. In addition, training methods such as lecturing, question-and-answer, discussion, brainstorming, and problem-solving were used during the training.
干预措施: Planned Education group (Behavioral)
Standard of care Group
The control group received no treatment. They only received standard hospital care procedures along with the Visual Analog Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Postpartum Comfort Scale (pre-test, post-test).
结局指标
主要结局
Visual Analog Scale
时间窗: baseline
The scale is graded as 0-10 cm long, with 0=no pain, 10=the most severe pain. It is applied by the individual marking a point corresponding to the level of pain they feel. The distance between the determined point and the lowest part of the line is evaluated in centimeters. The value found indicates the patient's pain level.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
时间窗: Baseline
The State Anxiety Inventory consists of 20 items and requires individuals to describe how they feel at a specific moment under specific circumstances, taking into account their feelings about the situation. The Trait Anxiety Inventory also consists of 20 items and requires individuals to describe how they feel in a given situation, regardless of the circumstances. High scores on both the State and Trait Anxiety Inventories indicate high anxiety levels, while low scores indicate low anxiety levels.The scale allows for scores ranging from a minimum of 20 to a maximum of 80.
Postpartum Comfort Scale
时间窗: Baseline
The Postpartum Comfort Scale assesses the physical, psychospiritual, and sociocultural comfort of women who have had both cesarean and vaginal deliveries. Physical and bodily perceptions constitute the physical comfort subscale. Spiritual and psychological components form the psychospiritual comfort subscale. Interpersonal, family, and social relationships, as well as components related to finances and support systems, constitute the sociocultural comfort subscale. The scale, which uses a five-point Likert scale, consists of 34 items. The lowest possible score is 34, and the highest is 170. Values close to 170 indicate a high level of comfort.
次要结局
- Visual Analog Scale(On the second postoperative day after a cesarean section)
- State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(On the second postoperative day after a cesarean section)
- Postpartum Comfort Scale(On the second postoperative day after a cesarean section)
研究者
Sukran Ertekin Pinar
Prof. Dr.
Cumhuriyet University