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Evaluation of Extended Scope Physiotherapists in an Orthopaedic Outpatient Shoulder Clinic

Completed
Conditions
Shoulder Injuries and Disorders
Shoulder Pain
Musculoskeletal Pain
Interventions
Other: Examination
Registration Number
NCT03343951
Lead Sponsor
Central Jutland Regional Hospital
Brief Summary

This study investigates the agreement between extended scope physiotherapists (ESP) and orthopaedic surgeons (OS) on diagnosis and treatment plan in an orthopaedic outpatient shoulder clinic. Furthermore a cost analysis and an evaluation of the interdisciplinary collaboration at the orthopaedic outpatient shoulder clinic (termed shoulder clinic in the following) will be performed.

Detailed Description

According to current practice, patients referred from a general practitioner (GP) to the Orthopaedic Outpatient Shoulder Clinic, Silkeborg Regional Hospital (SRH), Denmark, will be examined by either an orthopaedic surgeon (OS) or an extended scope physiotherapist (ESP), as these two groups of health professionals share this assignment. The decision on, which health professional is considered most appropriate to examine the patient, is done by a senior orthopaedic surgeon based on the available information in the referral letter from the GP. Three categories of appropriateness are used: most appropriate to be examined by an OS, most appropriate to be examined by an ESP and equally appropriate to be examined by an ESP or an OS.

The overall purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of the shared assignment investigated through both professional and organisational outcomes. The following three subsidiary objectives are used:

1. To estimate the agreement between ESP's and OS's on diagnosis and treatment plan (primary subsidiary objective)

2. To estimate direct hospital costs of an examination performed by an ESP and an OS, respectively, and to estimate the difference in costs.

3. To describe the interdisciplinary collaborative practice including evaluation of the extent of relational coordination.

Methods are described underneath related to each subsidiary objective.

1. The study is conducted at the shoulder clinic, SRH. Eligibility criteria, intervention and outcomes are described elsewhere.

Primary analysis:

Agreement between ESP and OS in choice of treatment plan (three categories: 1) referral to physiotherapy, 2) need of further diagnostic examination, steroid injection or surgery and 3) no intervention) will be evaluated by estimating the proportion of agreement between

* The individual registrations of the ESP and OS

* The individual registration of the ESP and the common decision

* The individual registration of the OS and the common decision Furthermore, McNemar's test will be used to compare the individual registrations of the ESP and OS, respectively, against the common decision

Secondary analyses:

Agreement between ESP and OS in choice of treatment plan (five categories: as described in the outcome section) will be evaluated the same way as described above.

Agreement between ESP and OS in diagnosis of the patient will be evaluated by estimating both the proportion of total agreement and partial agreement between the two health professionals. Total agreement is defined as ESP and OS having registered the same primary diagnosis. Partial agreement is defined as ESP and OS having registered the same diagnosis but one of them considers it the primary diagnosis while the other considers it a secondary diagnosis.

2. Mean hospital costs of an examination of a shoulder patient will be estimated based on the cohort used to evaluate agreement on diagnosis and treatment plan. Mean hospital costs per patient in the cohort will be estimated separately for ESP's and OS's based on salaries for the health professionals and amount of ordered supplemental diagnostic examinations (X-ray, MR imaging, MR arthrography, CT imaging, ENG, EMG) in each group. Difference in costs will be estimated.

3. Relational coordination in interdisciplinary collaborative practice will be described through separate semi-structured group interviews with ESP's and OS's, respectively.

The Association of Danish Physiotherapists is partly funding the salary for the principal investigator.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
69
Inclusion Criteria
  • Above the age of 18 years
  • Referred to The Shoulder Clinic at Silkeborg Regional Hospital
  • Considered equally appropriate to be examined by an ESP or an OS
  • Ability to read and understand Danish
Exclusion Criteria
  • None

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Shoulder patientsExaminationShoulder patients referred to examination at the shoulder clinic, Silkeborg Regional Hospital.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Treatment plan - physiotherapistBaseline

Treatment plan suggested by the ESP will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has the same 5 pre-defined categories as for the OS: 1) referral to physiotherapy, 2) referral to diagnostic examination, 3) steroid injection, 4) surgery and 5) no intervention (categorical)

Treatment plan - orthopaedic surgeonBaseline

Treatment plan suggested by the OS will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has 5 pre-defined categories: 1) referral to physiotherapy, 2) referral to diagnostic examination, 3) steroid injection, 4) surgery and 5) no intervention (categorical)

Treatment plan - common decisionBaseline

The OS and ESP will discuss their results until they agree which treatment plan to offer the patient. Their decision will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has the same 5 pre-defined categories as for the individual examinations: 1) referral to physiotherapy, 2) referral to diagnostic examination, 3) steroid injection, 4) surgery and 5) no intervention (categorical)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Discussion needed - physiotherapistBaseline

The ESP registers whether he/she under usual conditions would discuss his/her results with an OS before making a decision on diagnosis or treatment plan (categorical, yes/no).

Diagnosis - orthopaedic surgeonBaseline

One primary diagnosis (and if relevant secondary diagnoses) suggested by the OS will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has 9 pre-defined categories of diagnoses: 1) impingement, 2) rotator cuff injury, 3) glenohumeral instability, 4) glenohumeral osteoarthritis, 5) periarthritis humeroscapularis, 6) scapular instability, 7) fracture sequelae, 8) acromioclavicular joint disorder, 9) non-related shoulder diagnoses (categorical).

Diagnosis - common decisionBaseline

The OS and ESP will discuss their results until they agree on patient diagnosis. Their decision will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has the same 9 pre-defined categories of diagnoses as for the individual examinations (categorical).

New appointment - orthopaedic surgeonBaseline

The OS registers whether he considers, that the patient should be offered a new appointment at the shoulder clinic (categorical, yes/no)

Discussion needed - orthopaedic surgeonBaseline

The OS registers whether he under usual conditions would discuss his results with an ESP before making a decision on diagnosis or treatment plan (categorical, yes/no).

New appointment - physiotherapistBaseline

The ESP registers whether he/she considers, that the patient should be offered a new appointment at the shoulder clinic (categorical, yes/no)

Diagnosis - physiotherapistBaseline

One primary diagnosis (and if relevant secondary diagnoses) suggested by the ESP will be registered in a chart developed for the occasion. The chart has the same 9 pre-defined categories of diagnoses as for the OS (categorical).

New appointment - common decisionBaseline

The OS and ESP will discuss their results until they agree, whether the patient should have a new appointment at the shoulder clinic or not. Their decision will be registered (categorical, yes/no)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Silkeborg Regional Hospital

🇩🇰

Silkeborg, Denmark

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