Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Non-Pharmacological Methods in Reducing Injection Pain in Preschool Children: Randomized Controlled Trial

In emergency departments, various methods can be used to reduce the pain experienced by children. However, the most important requirement is that the selected method provides rapid and effective results. Accordingly, it is essential that interventions performed in emergency settings are carried out in a way that enables children to experience the least possible pain and anxiety and that the long-term effects of pain are prevented. Recently, the Helfer Skin Tap Technique (HSTT), which is applied to reduce stress and pain, and the palm stimulator, which is held in the palm and has raised projections on its surface to reduce pain perception by facilitating distraction, have attracted attention. ShotBlocker is a noninvasive, U-shaped plastic device with small projections that is used to reduce injection-related pain in children who are sensitive to pain. In addition, a bee-shaped device called Buzzy®, which combines external cold application and vibration, is also widely used. These methods have been proven to be effective in reducing pain in pediatric patients during invasive procedures such as intramuscular injections and intravenous cannulation.