Intensive Lifestyle Interventions to Overweight and Obese Patients in Primary Care

Completed

Brief Summary: The goal of this clinical trial is to compare in the effect of different lifestyle interventions in overweight and obese participants. The main questions it aims to answer are:

* effect on anthropometric measurements

* effect on lipid profile

* effect on weight-related quality of life

* observe the differences between interventions The study participants were stratified into three groups: intervention, control-1, and control-2.

* Intervention group: They were given a calorie-restricted diet and exercise plan by a dietician or physiotherapist at their first visit, and were followed up by telephone calls at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 over 12 weeks.

* Control-1 group: During the initial medical interview, the participants were given a calorie-restricted diet programme by a dietician and an exercise programme by a physiotherapist; they were followed up over 12 weeks with telephone calls at week 4.

* Control-2 group: The participants were not provided with any programme, and the importance of weight loss was emphasised by the family physicians. Dietary and physical activity advice was given according to the recommendations in the Turkish Endocrine and Metabolism Association 2019 Obesity Diagnosis and Treatment Guide, and was followed up with phone calls at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 over a 12-weeks.

Detailed Description: With this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive lifestyle intervention to be applied to patients and follow-ups made by telephone calls in order to protect overweight and obese patients who apply to primary health care services from obesity and complications of obesity in the pandemic process in which the number of applications to secondary and tertiary care decreased due to pandemic conditions and the number of applications to primary care increased, in addition to this, the susceptibility to obesity increased due to changing lifestyle behaviours with the effect of the pandemic; The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of intensive lifestyle intervention and telephone follow-ups on body mass index, body composition, lipid profile, obesity-related quality of life and to evaluate different forms of intervention organised as intensive lifestyle intervention and increasing the frequency of follow-up.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Age 18-40 BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 Agreeing to participate in the study Not having a diagnosed chronic disease To be able to ambulate To be cooperative

Exclusion Criteria

Receiving medical treatment
Secondary obesity (hypothyroidism, Cushing's disease, etc.)
Chronic disease (cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, presence of diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, renal diseases)
Having hyperlipidaemia under treatment
Cancer
Pregnancy or breastfeeding
Psychiatric disorder
Orthopaedic or neurological disease that may prevent walking
Are currently taking weight loss medication or enrolled in another weight loss program
Having previously undergone obesity surgery or having surgery planned during the study period

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention group	intensive lifestyle	They were given a calorie-restricted diet and exercise plan by a dietician or physiotherapist at their first visit, and were followed up by telephone calls at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 over 12 weeks.
Control-1 group	intensive lifestyle	During the initial medical interview, the participants were given a calorie-restricted diet programme by a dietician and an exercise programme by a physiotherapist; they were followed up over 12 weeks with telephone calls at week 4.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Primary Outcome	3 months	Turkish version of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite Version (IWQOL) scale was used. The scale has a minimum score of 0 and a maximum of 100. The scoring system is valid for both the scale subgroups and the scale total score. Based on the scale scoring, quality-of-life decreases as the score decreases.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Secondary	3 months	Comparing the anthropometric measurements of the three groups at baseline and week 12.
BMI (kg/m2)	3 months	Comparing the BMI of the three groups at baseline and week 12.
Waist Circumference (cm)	3 months	Comparing the Waist Circumference measurements of the three groups at baseline and week 12.
Lipid Profile	3 months	Lipid profile of the three groups at baseline and week 12.