The Effectiveness of Multimedia Education on Hypoglycemic Management.

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: The first phase of the research was to develop tools, including scales and multimedia, and the second phase was to carry out multimedia hypoglycemia education intervention measures. An experimental randomized controlled trial with a repeated measures design was conducted in second phase. Participants in the experimental group receiving multimedia hypoglycemia education and participants in the contrast group receiving conventional hypoglycemia education. Structural questionnaires were used for data collection. The study was to investigate the effectiveness of multimedia hypoglycemia education compared to conventional hypoglycemia education on knowledge, self-care behavior, fear of hypoglycemia, social support, quality of life, nursing hours, education satisfaction, and the recurrence rate of hypoglycemic events among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Detailed Description: In the first phase, we created multimedia educational content on hypoglycemia and recruited 300 type 2 diabetes patients who had experienced hypoglycemic events from a medical center and a primary care clinic in southern Taiwan. The participants completed consent forms and questionnaires, and we conducted statistical analyses to develop and evaluate knowledge and behavior assessment tools. We obtained consent from 83 participants to enter the second phase, where they received hypoglycemia education and were then randomly assigned by computer to either the experimental group or the contrast group.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

patients with cognitive impairment, those who are unable to perform activities of daily living and those with severe or unstable medical conditions.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Conventional hypoglycemia education	Hypoglycemia education	The verbal educational content provided by the health educators included an introduction to blood glucose, symptoms and management of hypoglycemia (the 15-rule), prevention of hypoglycemia (diet and exercise), and medication therapy.
Multimedia hypoglycemia health education	Hypoglycemia education	The multimedia educational content included an introduction to blood glucose, symptoms and management of hypoglycemia (the 15-rule), prevention of hypoglycemia (diet and exercise), and medication therapy.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Score of Hypoglycemia Knowledge	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Hypoglycemia management knowledge scale to collect the score in Knowledge. The scale consists of eight true/false questions, with scores ranging from 0 to 8 points. Higher scores indicate a higher level of knowledge about hypoglycemia in patients.
The Score of Hypoglycemia Self-care Behavior	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Hypoglycemia self-care behavior scale to collect the score in Behavior. The scale comprises 10 items, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 10 to 50. Higher scores indicate better self-care behaviors in managing hypoglycemia.
Nursing Time	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Form Recorded for Health Education Time
The Score of Education Satisfaction	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Education satisfaction scale to collect the score in education satisfaction. Items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with a score range of 1 to 5 points, for a total score range of 5 to 25 points.
The Recurrence Rate of Hypoglycemic Events	Through study completion, an average of 6 months.	Questionnaire to assess the rate of hypoglycemic events.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Score of Fear of Hypoglycemia	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Hypoglycemia fear scale to collect the score in fear of hypoglycemia. This scale consists of 13 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale with a score range of 0 to 52 points. Higher scores indicate a greater degree of fear of hypoglycemia among patients.
The Score of Social Support	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Social support scale to collect the score in social support. The scale consists of 13 items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale with a score range of 0 to 52 points. Higher scores indicate higher levels of social support.
The Score of Quality of Life	Through study completion, an average of 6 months after education.	Quality of life scale to collect the score in quality of life. The scale consists of 28 items, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with scores for each domain converted to a total range of 16 to 80 points.