Real-component vs All-cement Articulating Spacers for Periprosthetic Knee Infection
- Conditions
- Arthroplasty ComplicationsJoint InfectionArthroplasty, Replacement, KneeProsthetic-joint InfectionKnee Infection
- Interventions
- Device: All-cement articulating spacerDevice: Durable, real-component articulating spacerDevice: Rigid Spacer
- Registration Number
- NCT06293352
- Lead Sponsor
- Northwestern University
- Brief Summary
In the US, if you get an infection in your artificial knee joint that doesn't heal with antibiotics alone, the standard treatment is a two-stage revision of the artificial knee. In the first stage, your surgeon will remove your artificial knee and clean out the area around the knee. They will then place an antibiotic spacer. An antibiotic spacer is a type of artificial joint that will release antibiotics in to the knee space continuously over time. The spacer allows only very basic function of the knee. You may need to use crutches or a walker while the antibiotic spacer is in place. After surgery to place the antibiotic spacer, your surgeon may prescribe a course of antibiotics as well. Because the antibiotic spacer is not as durable as a regular artificial joint, after the infection is gone, another surgery is required to take the spacer out and put a new artificial knee joint in.
There is another way for artificial joint infections to be treated. This is a one-stage revision. In this treatment, the surgeon will remove your artificial knee and clean out the area around the knee. Then they will place a new artificial knee in using a special kind of cement that contains antibiotics. The cement will release antibiotics in to the knee space continuously over time (your surgeon may prescribe a course of antibiotics as well). The new artificial joint with antibiotic cement will function almost the same as your original artificial knee. This means that while the infection is healing you will be able to do most of your regular daily activities. However, the antibiotic cement is not as durable as what is normally used to implant an artificial knee. The artificial knee with the antibiotic cement may need to be replaced with a regular artificial knee. When replacement will need to be done is dependent on your weight, bone strength and activity level, among other things. When it is time to replace the antibiotic cement artificial knee, you will have another surgery where the surgeon will take the antibiotic cement artificial knee and but a new artificial knee joint in.
We know that both the one- and two-stage revision work equally well to heal the infection, but we don't know which patients prefer or which provides better function after many years. This study will randomly assign patients to receive either a one-stage or two-stage revision and then follow them for 5 years to ask them about pain, function, and satisfaction.
- Detailed Description
This study compares to currently used treatments for chronic peri-prosthetic joint infections: Treatment with an all-cement articulating spacer and treatment with a durable, real-component articulating spacer.
An all-cement articulating spacer will be defined as follows: An articulating spacer with a tibial and femoral component made of cement using molds, that are cemented in place; use of high-dose antibiotic cement (at least 2g/batch, including vancomycin and tobramycin); use of dowels at discretion of surgeon; 6 weeks IV antibiotics; intent to reimplant definitive prosthesis if infection eradicated.
A durable, real-component articulating spacer will be defined as follows: Uses metal (or ceramicized metal) on plastic for bearing surface; use of high-dose antibiotic cement (at least 2g/batch, including vancomycin and tobramycin); no cones/sleeves, no pressurized cement in canal; use of stems/dowels/augments and level of constraint at discretion of surgeon; 6 weeks IV antibiotics; intent to leave in situ indefinitely/until clinical failure.
This will be a study with 2 cohorts. We will have a randomized cohort, as well as a nonrandomized prospective observational cohort.
Surgery will be performed by current treatment guidelines in the same manner as if the patient was not in a research study.
All questionnaires will be administered via iPad/online.
The questionnaires administered at the preoperative appointment will consist preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The preoperative PROs will be determined utilizing PROMIS questionnaires including PROMI-10 Survey and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS-12), In addition, patient demographic characteristics will be collected including age, sex, race, education and insurance status as well as self-reported comorbidity data.
The questionnaires will be administered again at the 6-week and 6-month, 12-month, and 24- month postoperative time points. In addition, the PROMIS depression scale will be collected at 6 weeks.
The presence and absence any complications, along with complication severity as determined by the PI, during the procedure or during recovery will be extracted from the EMR by the PI and/or Co-investigator after surgery and after every postoperative visit through the 24-month visit.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- NOT_YET_RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 153
- Patients diagnosed with a chronic periprosthetic joint infection after a primary total knee arthroplasty with plan for explant and placement of an antibiotic spacer
- PJI defined according to Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) 2018 Consensus Criteria
- Patients who are unable to consent
- Infection at site of revision TKA
- Soft tissue envelope compromise
- Allergies to study materials (cement, vancomycin, tobramycin)
- Incompetent extensor mechanism
- Extensive bone loss
Randomization-specific exclusion criteria
- Extensive soft tissue defect
- Extensor mechanism compromise
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description All-cement articulating spacer All-cement articulating spacer An articulating spacer with a tibial and femoral component made of cement using molds, that are cemented in place; use of highdose antibiotic cement (at least 2g/batch, including vancomycin and tobramycin); use of dowels at discretion of surgeon; 6 weeks IV antibiotics; intent to reimplant definitive prosthesis if infection eradicated. Observation Durable, real-component articulating spacer Patients who do not wish to be randomized or who meet the randomization-specific exclusion criteria will be offered enrolment into the non-randomized, prospective observational arm of the study. The participant and their surgeon will collaboratively decide which of the 2 treatments the participant will receive. Durable, real-component articulating spacer Durable, real-component articulating spacer Uses metal (or ceramicized metal) on plastic for bearing surface; use of high-dose antibiotic cement (at least 2g/batch, including vancomycin and tobramycin); no cones/sleeves, no pressurized cement in canal; use of stems/dowels/augments and level of constraint at discretion of surgeon; 6 weeks IV antibiotics; intent to leave in situ indefinitely/until clinical failure. Observation Rigid Spacer Patients who do not wish to be randomized or who meet the randomization-specific exclusion criteria will be offered enrolment into the non-randomized, prospective observational arm of the study. The participant and their surgeon will collaboratively decide which of the 2 treatments the participant will receive. Observation All-cement articulating spacer Patients who do not wish to be randomized or who meet the randomization-specific exclusion criteria will be offered enrolment into the non-randomized, prospective observational arm of the study. The participant and their surgeon will collaboratively decide which of the 2 treatments the participant will receive.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method 24 month Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome - Joint Replacement Score (KOOS-JR) 24 months after surgery Scores range from 0 to 100 with a score of 0 indicating the worst possible knee symptoms and 100 indicating no knee symptoms.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method 24 month 10-item PROMIS Global Health survey (PROMIS-10) 24 months after surgery Raw PROMIS-10 (v1.0) scores for Physical Health (PH) and Mental Health (MH) will be converted to standardized T-score values. A T-score of 50 represents the mean of the general population and higher scores indicate better physical or mental health.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Northwestern Medicine
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States