Acute Glycemic Effects of Crackers Made by Different Flours
- Conditions
- Potential Abnormality of Glucose ToleranceAppetitive Behavior
- Interventions
- Other: Cracker made by rye flourOther: Cracker made by sunflower flourOther: Glucose as reference foodOther: Cracker made by wheat flour
- Registration Number
- NCT05702372
- Lead Sponsor
- Agricultural University of Athens
- Brief Summary
This study investigated the acute effects of cracker consumption made by different flours on glycemic responses.
- Detailed Description
This study aimed to determine the glycemic index and glycemic load of crackers made by different flours (wheat, whole wheat, and 30% sunflower seed flour substitution) and to investigate the effects of these types of crackers on postprandial glycemic responses in healthy humans. Moreover, blood pressure levels and subjective appetite were evaluated.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 11
- healthy
- non-smoking
- non-diabetic men and women
- body mass index between 18 and 25 kg/m2
- severe chronic diseases (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, kidney or liver conditions, endocrine conditions)
- gastrointestinal disorders
- pregnancy
- lactation
- competitive sports
- alcohol abuse
- drug dependency
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Cracker made by rye flour Cracker made by rye flour Eleven healthy, normal body weight adults (male: 4, female: 7) after 12hr fast, consumed 50g available carbohydrates from D-glucose, tested three times, in different visits as reference food; and 50g of available carbohydrates from crackers made by wheat, rye and sunflower flours, tested once, in different visits, along with 300mL water. There was a washout period of at least two days between visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min after food consumption. The first glucose sample was taken exactly 15min after the first bite of food or drink. Cracker made by sunflower flour Cracker made by sunflower flour Eleven healthy, normal body weight adults (male: 4, female: 7) after 12hr fast, consumed 50g available carbohydrates from D-glucose, tested three times, in different visits as reference food; and 50g of available carbohydrates from crackers made by wheat, rye and sunflower flours, tested once, in different visits, along with 300mL water. There was a washout period of at least two days between visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min after food consumption. The first glucose sample was taken exactly 15min after the first bite of food or drink. Glucose as reference food Glucose as reference food Eleven healthy, normal body weight adults (male: 4, female: 7) after 12hr fast, consumed 50g available carbohydrates from D-glucose, tested three times, in different visits as reference food; and 50g of available carbohydrates from crackers made by wheat, rye and sunflower flours, tested once, in different visits, along with 300mL water. There was a washout period of at least two days between visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min after food consumption. The first glucose sample was taken exactly 15min after the first bite of food or drink. Cracker made by wheat flour Cracker made by wheat flour Eleven healthy, normal body weight adults (male: 4, female: 7) after 12hr fast, consumed 50g available carbohydrates from D-glucose, tested three times, in different visits as reference food; and 50g of available carbohydrates from crackers made by wheat, rye and sunflower flours, tested once, in different visits, along with 300mL water. There was a washout period of at least two days between visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min after food consumption. The first glucose sample was taken exactly 15min after the first bite of food or drink.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Glycemic index 2 hours Glucose solution (50 g) was the reference food (GI = 100%) against which all test foods were compared. Subjects arrived at the laboratory at eight to nine o'clock in the morning after 10-12 h overnight fast. Each subject was fed equivalent 50 g available carbohydrate of test foods or reference food in random order. To minimize day to day variation of glucose tolerance, the reference food was tested in triplicate in each subject. All test and reference foods were served with 250 mL of water. An automatic lancet device and glucometer (calibrated MediSmart Ruby glucose meter with a lancing device, Lilly-PHARMASERV SA, Greece) was used for finger capillary blood samples. Blood samples were taken immediately before the start of the study (0 min) and 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after the start of eating.
Capillary blood glucose responses 2 hours Clinically useful change in blood glucose, defined as the restoration of glucose within normal limits during the 2hr glucose tolerance test
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Subjective appetite ratings 2 hours Useful change in subjective appetite using visual analogue scales with a score 0 to 10 (given in the form of booklet, one scale per page) at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min. The minimum or maximum score will be evaluated if it is better or worse depending on the appetite variable e.g. hunger, satiety, desire to eat etc
Blood pressure 2 hours Useful change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and 2hr after consumption of the spaghetti productws
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Agricultural University of Athens
🇬🇷Athens, Greece