Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal TDCS in ASD Adolescents

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation; Autistic Spectrum Disorder; Electroencephalography

• Registration Number: NCT06272669
• Lead Sponsor: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Brief Summary

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disturbances in communication, poor social skills, and aberrant behavior. To date, ASD has no known cure, and the disorder remains a highly disabling condition. Recently, transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has shown great promise as a potentially effective and cost-effective tool for reducing the core symptoms in patients with autism, such as anxiety, aggression, impulsivity, and inattention. Although the preliminary findings in patients with ASD are encouraging, it remains to be determined whether this experimental data can translate into benefits in real life. Further studies are needed to determine the factors that can lengthen the therapeutic effects or cognitive benefits of tDCS, and to determine possible risk factors associated with relapse in patients with ASD. Booster sessions of tDCS is an important component of treatment planning and prognosis and may promote better outcomes to control for resurgence of symptoms. This study has three aims. First, the investigators aim to evaluate the therapeutic effects of tDCS on improving cognitive function in patients with ASD. Second, the investigators aim to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying the neuro-enhancing effects of tDCS in patients with ASD. Third, the investigators aim to assess the effectiveness of booster treatment cycles of tDCS for enhancing cognitive and social functions in individuals with ASD.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-06-02
• Study First Submitted: 2023-10-18
• Study First Submitted QC: 2024-02-14
• Study First Posted: 2024-02-22
• Status Verified: 2024-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-11-26
• Last Update Posted: 2024-11-27
• Primary Completion: 2025-09
• Study Completion: 2025-12

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 90

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals who are confirmed by a clinical psychologist based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Ed (DSM-V) criteria of Autism spectrum disorder and structured interview with their parents or primary caregivers on their developmental history using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals without a confirmed diagnosis from the clinical psychologist, with a history of other neurological and psychiatric disorders and head trauma, or on psychiatric medication will be excluded from the study.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in social responsiveness - Social Responsiveness Scale-2nd edition (SRS-2)	Phase 1 (RCT): Week 0, week 2, week 4, and week 6 of the study (4 time points); Phase 2 (crossover): Week 0 and week 2 (2 time points); Phase 3 (follow-up): Week 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 (6 time points)	SRS-2 is a sensitive measure of social functioning in children that detects even subtle symptoms that are highly related to ASD. It uses a four-point scale and focuses on different aspects of socialization. The total score reflects the clinical effectiveness of tDCS, and higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. It has been shown that SRS-2 is sensitive to detect changes in social communication improvement related to improved cognitive functioning after treatment. SRS-2 assessments will be conducted 1 day before and 1 day after tDCS treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in neuropsychological measures - CANTAB® cognitive tests	Phase 1 (RCT): Week 0, week 2, week 4, and week 6 of the study (4 time points); Phase 2 (crossover): Week 0 and week 2 (2 time points); Phase 3 (follow-up): Week 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26 (6 time points)	Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB®) includes computerized tests that are correlated to neural networks and have demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting changes in neuropsychological performance. The tests in this battery-the Reaction Time (RTI), Spatial Working Memory (SWM), and Multitasking Tests (MTT)-are well validated and are highly sensitive to the core domains impaired in patients with ASD, including to response/reaction time, working memory, attention, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility.
Clinical response in tDCS outcome	Phase 1 (RCT): Week 0, week 2, week 4, and week 6 of the study (4 time points); Phase 2 (crossover): Week 0 and week 2 (2 time points)	Based on the tDCS outcome recorded 1 day after tDCS treatment, participants will be categorized into responders and non-responders based on the percentage of change in the total SRS score. Participants who show reductions of at least 10% in total SRS scores as compared to baseline scores will be considered responders. This percentage reduction benchmark was set with reference to the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and calculated using the standard error measurement method from an ASD sample in a previous randomized controlled trial.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; 🇭🇰 Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong