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ACute Uncomplicated Type b Aortic Dissection: Endovascular Repair vs. Best Medical Therapy

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Distal Aortic Dissection
Dissection, Aortic Acute
Acute Type B Aortic Dissection (Uncomplicated)
Interventions
Device: BMT+TEVAR
Other: BMT
Registration Number
NCT02622542
Lead Sponsor
The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston
Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial comparing best medical therapy (BMT) alone to BMT with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (BMT+TEVAR) for uncomplicated acute type B aortic dissection.

Detailed Description

Study Design:

This is a prospective, two-arm, parallel-group, single-center, pragmatic, randomized clinical trial.

Population:

The target population comprises all adult patients aged 18 years and older who present with uncomplicated acute type B aortic dissection. The study sample will include 436 subjects of both genders and any race or ethnicity.

Procedures:

Eligible and consented patients will be enrolled into the study if all eligibility criteria are met and will be randomly allocated to one of the two study arms: BMT vs BMT+TEVAR

Study Duration:

The study is expected to accrue patients over the course of 5 years and total follow up per patient for 5 years. Overall duration of the study is anticipated to be about 10 years for completion of all study endpoints.

Endpoints:

* Primary Outcome: To determine all-cause mortality among both study arms.

* Secondary Outcomes: To assess any major morbidity events (rupture, aortic intervention or reintervention, progression to complicated dissection, aneurysm formation, malperfusion resulting in organ failure, and aorta-specific mortality), as will quality of life measures, temporal discounting assessment and outcomes comparison in an observational cohort of patients who decline to be randomized due to a strong treatment preference.

Risks and Benefits:

Since this study involves only usual care and FDA-approved treatments, the investigators do not expect any additional physical risks to patients beyond those associated with usual care. One discernible risk involved in study participants is an unintentional disclosure of sensitive patient health information.

The participants of this study do not stand to benefit directly from taking part. However, the investigators hope that the results obtained from this study would provide useful information that would help delineate a standard and economical management protocol for acute Type B aortic dissection in future.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
436
Inclusion Criteria
  • Aged ≥18 years, regardless of race or ethnicity;
  • Diagnosed with uncomplicated ABAD, i.e., a primary entry tear distal to left subclavian artery with no evidence of malperfusion, end-organ ischemia, rupture, or intractable pain, and onset of symptoms is ≤30 days prior to enrollment;
  • Patient has been stabilized after the acute event with control of pain and blood pressure using ≤3 intravenous antihypertensive medications;
  • Adequate imaging, e.g., CT with contrast (chest + abdomen+ pelvis) is available prior to enrollment; and
  • Indicates willingness to comply with the study protocol and is able to provide a written informed consent;
  • Meets criteria for inclusion in the National Death Index and Social Security Death Master File.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Diagnosed with Type A aortic dissection;
  • Evidence of complicated ABAD;
  • Chronic Type B aortic dissection (>6 weeks from onset of symptoms);
  • Unable to be randomized and undergo treatment according to protocol within 30 days of symptom onset;
  • Diagnosed with traumatic dissection or penetrating ulcer;
  • Anatomy is not suitable for TEVAR;
  • Previous descending thoracic or abdominal aortic surgery (open or endovascular);
  • Unsuitable access sites, including infection at access sites;
  • Associated aortic aneurysm (descending aortic diameter ≥5.0 cm);
  • Life expectancy <2 years;
  • Unable or unlikely to comply with BMT;
  • Unable or refuse to comply with follow-up;
  • Intend to participate in another trial within 3 months of enrollment;
  • Pregnant or breast-feeding;
  • Vasculitis or known genetic connective tissue disorder (Marfan's syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)
  • Active systemic infection;
  • Chronic kidney disease stage 3-5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73m2);
  • Cerebral vascular accident within past 3 months; or
  • Clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding, major surgery, myocardial infarction, or untreated coagulopathy within past 6 weeks.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
BMT+TEVARBMT+TEVARPatients in this group will be managed with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in addition to the best medical therapy (BMT)
BMT AloneBMTPatients in this group will be managed with the best medical therapy (BMT) alone
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
All-cause mortality5 years

Participants would be followed for a period of 5 years following initial presentation

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Any major morbidity events5 years

Participants would be followed for a period of 5 years following initial presentation to record any major events (rupture, aortic intervention or reintervention, progression to complicated dissection, aneurysm formation, malperfusion resulting in organ failure, and aorta-specific mortality)

Change in Quality of Life assessment5 years

Participants would be followed for a period of 5 years following initial presentation to assess the change in their quality of life as compared to baseline or prior to disease onset by using Aortic Disease Quality of Life (ADQoL) instrument and the validated general health related quality of life instrument called Short Form -12 (SF-12). The ADQoL is an instrument that measures the quality of life in 5 major domains - physical limitations, social limitations, general health perceptions, emotional limitations, and aortic-disease specific limitations. Lower scores on individual subscales and overall are deemed to be poor quality of life and higher scores indicate good quality of life. the SF-12 is also designed to assess general health related quality of life and is also scored and assessed similarly, i.e, higher scores indicate good general health related quality of life and measures health perception, physical, emotional, and social limitations.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery; Memorial Hermann Hospital Southeast

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery and Memorial Hermann Heart and Vascular Institute - Texas Medical Center

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

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