Comparison of ankle dorsiflexor strength and dorsiflexion range in bilateral lower limb among KSRTC bus drivers: A cross-sectional study

According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and earlier studies, occupational drivers have a higher prevalence of MSDs (Musculoskeletal Disorders) than other worker types because of their line of work. One of the main causes of early retirements among professional drivers is work-related MSDs [1]. Professional drivers frequently deal with bad road conditions and have significant drawbacks, including bad posture, time constraints, extended sitting, vibrations from the vehicle-road interface, excessive physical strain, and twisting motions while driving, all of which can be harmful to their health and result in a WMSD (Work-related musculoskeletal disorders) [2]. A study by Sheth A et al revealed that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among bus drivers in India was 49.2% [3]. Lower extremities are at danger from repetitive tasks because of the increased force transfer through the legs and spine when using the brake, clutch, and accelerator [4]. The tibialis anterior (TA) is the predominant muscle in the anterior compartment of the lower leg, comprising about 60% of the total volume of ankle dorsiflexor muscles, and it shares functions with extensor hallucis longus and the extensor digitorum longus [5]. Due to the prolonged static contraction of the TA muscle, Y Jammes et al. observed EMG indications of muscular fatigue in many of the individuals [6]. Long-term sitting in one place can cause bad posture, restricted movement, and repetitive strain on ankles. Although there is involvement of bilateral ankle movement during manual transmission, the number of repetitive movements in each ankle is not the same, and the amount of activation in tibialis anterior is different. There is a need for comparing the muscle strength and ankle range in both ankles to check for muscle imbalance.