The Effects of Virtual Reality on Procedure-Related Emotional Appearance, Pain, Fear, and Anxiety During Phlebotomy in Children
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 150
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- procedure related pain
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of distraction methods using virtual reality on the emotional appearance, pain, fear, and anxiety associated with the procedure during phlebotomy in children aged 6-12 in a private blood collection unit.
详细描述
The data of the study was collected with Socio-demographic Data Collection Form, Emotional Appearance Scale for Children, Facial Expression Rating Scale, Child Anxiety Scale-State, and Child Fear Scale. Demographic data and mean scores obtained from the scales were compared between the virtual reality groups, and the control group.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- Single (Investigator)
盲法说明
Before blood collection, the "Emotional Appreance Scale for Children" was evaluated by a non-researcher nurse. Pediatric patients between the ages of 6 and 12, from whom blood would be collected, were distributed to groups according to the randomization scheme.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 6 Years 至 12 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •The child agrees to participate in the study voluntarily.
- •The parent agrees to participate in the study voluntarily.
- •Obtaining consent forms from the child and parent
排除标准
- •The child has a physical and psychological deficit that will prevent him from wearing the glasses that will be placed on his head to watch virtual reality.
- •Having fever (>37.5C) and severe dehydration
- •The patient did not take analgesics before the intervention
结局指标
主要结局
procedure related pain
时间窗: 3 minutes after the phlebotomy
Wong-Baker FACES (WBS) Pain Rating Scale. This scale uses in children aged 3 and older to rate pain severity, ranges from 0 (very happy/no pain) to 10 (hurts worst).
anxiety
时间窗: 3 minutes before and after the phlebotomy
The Children's Anxiety Meter (CAM-S). The Children's Anxiety Meter assesses children's anxiety and uses before medical procedures. This scale is drawn like a thermometer with a bulb at the bottom and also includes horizontal lines at intervals going up to the top (0-10). This scale ranges from 0 to 10. Higher values represent higher anxiety
fear
时间窗: 3 minutes before and after the phlebotomy
The Child Fear Scale (CFS). The Child Fear Scale will use.This one-item scale measures procedure-related fear in children, consists of five sex-neutral faces, ranges from 0 (no fear) to extreme fear. This rating scale ranges from 0 to 4. It ranges from a no fear (neutral) face (0) on the far left to a face showing extreme fear on the far right. Higher scores mean a worse outcome. The rater responds indicates the level of fear.
emotional apperance
时间窗: 3 minutes before and after the phlebotomy
This scale allows direct behavioral observation, consists of 5 different behavioral categories; 'Facial Expression', 'Speaking', 'Activity', 'Interaction' and 'Cooperation Level'. Scale scoring is done by reviewing the descriptions of behavior in each category and selecting the numerical value that most represents the observed behavior. Each category is scored from 1 to 5. The total score is made so that the numerical value is between 5-25 by adding the points obtained for each category. Higher scale score indicates the appearance of more negative emotional behaviors
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Gülçin Özalp Gerçeker
Assoc. Prof.
Dokuz Eylul University