Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition and Performance in Soccer Players

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Athletic Performance

• Registration Number: NCT04078971
• Lead Sponsor: Antonio Paoli

Brief Summary

A ketogenic diet (KD) is a nutritional approach, usually adopted for weight loss, that restricts daily carbohydrates under 30 g/day. KD showed contradictory results on sport performance, whilst no data are available on team sports. The investigators will investigate the influence of a KD on different parameters in soccer players

Detailed Description

Sixteen semi-professional soccer players will be randomly assigned to a ketogenic diet (KD n=8) or to a western diet (WD n=8). Diets contain the same amount of protein (1.8g/Kg body weight/day). Body weight and body composition will be measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), cross sectional area (CSA) and isometric muscle strength of quadriceps, counter movement jump (CMJ) and yoyo intermittent recovery test will be measured.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2018-05-02
• Primary Completion: 2018-10-30
• Study Completion: 2018-12-15
• Study First Submitted: 2019-08-29
• Status Verified: 2019-09
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-09-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-09-04
• Study First Posted: 2019-09-06
• Last Update Posted: 2019-09-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Male
• Target Recruitment: 16

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

• body fat percentage over 32%, (determined via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry DEXA),
• cardiovascular,
• respiratory, gastrointestinal,
• thyroid or any other metabolic diseases,
• weight change more than 2 Kg over the last month,
• adherence to special diets,
• use of nutritional supplements (except a daily multivitamin-mineral)
• use of medication to control blood lipids or glucose and goal-keepers.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
lean body mass	4 weeks	Body composition with DEXA: we measure lean body mass in grams.
Fat body mass	4 weeks	Body composition with DEXA: we measure body fat mass in grams.
Visceral Adipose tissue (VAT)	4 weeks	Body composition with DEXA: VAT in grams
Total body water	4 weeks	We will use a BIA to calculate totally body water and intracellular and extracellular water in liters

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
resting energy expenditure (REE)	4 weeks	Measured through gas analyzer in ml/02/kg min
respiratory ratio (RR)	4 weeks	Measured through gas analyses (ratio between CO2 and O2)
specific performance	4 weeks	Yoyo intermittent recovery test level 1: in seconds
lower limb power	4 weeks	squat jump test: height of the jump in cm
quadriceps muscle area	4 weeks	muscle area measured in cm2 through ultrasound
quadriceps muscle thickness	4 weeks	muscle thickness measured cm through ultrasound
quadriceps strength	4 weeks	isometric contraction measured in N, the normalized per muscle area (N x cm2)
quadriceps strength per area	4 weeks	the strength of isometric contraction (outcome 10) normalized per muscle area (Outcome 7). Expressed as (N x cm2)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Nutrition and Exercise Lab, DSB, University of Padova; 🇮🇹 Padova, Italy