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Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis: Observation Versus Stenting

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography
Registration Number
NCT05046496
Lead Sponsor
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
Brief Summary

Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is abnormal narrowing of the main blood vessel to the kidney transplant and has historically been considered a surgical complication. In heart transplantation, it has long been recognised that rejection can cause narrowing of the heart's blood vessels, and that this complication is the leading cause of heart transplant failure. It is reasonable to assume that this process may also occur in kidney transplantation, which could contribute to premature transplant failure. However, in kidney transplantation it is also likely that other factors, such as surgical factors, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and immunological factors, contribute to the development of TRAS. Given that the disease processes that cause TRAS are not fully understood, at present there is no consensus among kidney doctors on the best means of treating patients diagnosed with TRAS. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate the involvement of these different processes in the development of TRAS, and investigate the optimal way to diagnose and manage TRAS.

At present, there is no standard recommendation for how to treat patients with TRAS. This is partly due to the fact that patients with TRAS may have a broad array of symptoms: Some may have no symptoms, other may have problems with high blood pressure or fluid accumulation, and others may have severe transplant dysfunction. In most transplant centres, patient TRAS and severe symptoms will undergo IADSA and a stent will be placed to open the narrowing. However, it is not clear how best to manage patients with TRAS who have mild to moderate symptoms. We propose to recruit 36 such patients to a clinical study and split them into two groups: One group to undergo IADSA with possible stent placement, and one group to be closely observed. We will then compare transplant function, and other outcomes, after one year between the two groups.

Detailed Description

Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is abnormal narrowing of the main blood vessel to the kidney transplant and has historically been considered a surgical complication. In heart transplantation, it has long been recognised that rejection can cause narrowing of the heart's blood vessels, and that this complication is the leading cause of heart transplant failure. It is reasonable to assume that this process may also occur in kidney transplantation, which could contribute to premature transplant failure. However, in kidney transplantation it is also likely that other factors, such as surgical factors, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and immunological factors, contribute to the development of TRAS. Given that the disease processes that cause TRAS are not fully understood, at present there is no consensus among kidney doctors on the best means of treating patients diagnosed with TRAS. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate the involvement of these different processes in the development of TRAS, and investigate the optimal way to diagnose and manage TRAS.

At present, there is no standard recommendation for how to treat patients with TRAS. This is partly due to the fact that patients with TRAS may have a broad array of symptoms: Some may have no symptoms, other may have problems with high blood pressure or fluid accumulation, and others may have severe transplant dysfunction. In most transplant centres, patient TRAS and severe symptoms will undergo IADSA and a stent will be placed to open the narrowing. However, it is not clear how best to manage patients with TRAS who have mild to moderate symptoms. We propose to recruit 36 such patients to a clinical study and split them into two groups: One group to undergo IADSA with possible stent placement, and one group to be closely observed. We will then compare transplant function, and other outcomes, after one year between the two groups.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
36
Inclusion Criteria
    1. Renal transplant recipient with a diagnosis of TRAS by radiological imaging, and an MDT decision to proceed with diagnostic IADSA.
  1. Aged 18 years and over 3. Able to give informed consent
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Exclusion Criteria
    1. Estimated GFR <10mls/min/1.73m2 or dialysis dependence 2. Contraindication to angiography (e.g. allergy to radiological contrast) 3. Patients with clinical features of severe TRAS (eg. resistant hypertension, pulmonary oedema and/or rapidly deteriorating function).
  1. Any condition or co-morbidity which in the investigator's opinion would make the patient ineligible for the trial or unlikely to adhere to trial procedures.
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Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Interventional armIntra-arterial digital subtraction angiographyPatients recruited to this arm will undergo intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography, with or without intra-arterial stent placement
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in eGFR between both arms1 year

measure of kidney transplant function

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rejection free survival1 year

measure of time free from histologically proven kidney transplant rejection

Average number of anti-hypertensive medicationsat baseline, then 1, 3, 6 and 12-months following diagnosis

measure of cardiovascular health

Renal allograft failure1 year

Measure of time free from kidney transplant failure

Change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)at baseline, then 1, 3, 6 and 12-months following diagnosis

measure of kidney transplant function

Urinary protein : creatinine ratio (UPCR) measurementat baseline, then 1, 3, 6 and 12-months following diagnosis

measure of proteinuria

Donor-specific antibody (DSA) free survival1 year

measure of time free from presence of donor-specific antibody in participant's serum

Change in mean arterial blood pressure (BP), systolic BP and diastolic BPat baseline, then 1, 3, 6 and 12-months following diagnosis

Measure of cardiovascular health

Patient survival1 year

measure of patient survival

Requirement for intervention (primary angiogram in observational group, secondary angiogram in interventional group)1 year

Quantification of patients that require intervention

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

🇬🇧

London, England, United Kingdom

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