Empowering Preschool Children With Personal Safety Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Multiple Intelligences-Based Education Program
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in Health Education Scale- Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale (PSFAS) Score
研究概览
简要总结
Preschool children are vulnerable to preventable accidents due to limited hazard awareness. This randomized controlled study evaluated the effectiveness of a Multiple Intelligences Theory-based Personal Safety Education Program (MIT-based PSEP) on preschool children's safety knowledge and skills. Sixty children aged 4-5 years were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=30) or a control group (n=30). The intervention group received eight interactive MIT-based sessions, while the control group received routine education. Data were collected pre- and post-intervention using the Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale and analyzed with mixed-design ANOVA.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
The children were randomly assigned to groups based on their classes (each consisting of 18-20 children), with 2-morning groups (one control group and one intervention group) and 2-afternoon groups (one control group and one intervention group) using a random allocation method by the preschool principal. Parents filled out the surveys. Parents did not know which group their children were assigned to. The parents were blinded to the study procedures. At the initial data collection (pre-test), participants were assigned pseudonyms by the child development specialist responsible for providing education only. Similarly, during the second data collection (post-test), pseudonyms were assigned and matched similarly. The data were provided to the researcher responsible for both the intervention and statistical analysis without indicating which group was the intervention and which was the control group. Groups were coded as Group 1 and Group 2 during data entry. This
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 4 Years 至 5 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Children aged 4-5 years enrolled in the participating preschool
- •Ability to speak and understand Turkish
- •Written informed consent obtained from parents/legal guardians
- •Availability of a parent/legal guardian to complete the outcome questionnaires at baseline and post-intervention
排除标准
- •Children aged 3 years
- •Children with incomplete baseline or post-intervention outcome data
- •Parents/legal guardians who did not return the questionnaires at baseline or post-intervention
研究组 & 干预措施
Control Group: Usual Preschool Education
Children in this arm received no additional intervention during the study period and continued with the school's usual preschool curriculum. No specific personal safety or first aid education was delivered as part of the study. Pre-test and post-test assessments were completed by parents using standardized questionnaires.
Intervention Group: Multiple Intelligences Theory-Based Personal Safety Education Program
Children in this arm received a Multiple Intelligences Theory-based Personal Safety Education Program (MIT-based PSEP) tailored for 4-5-year-old preschool children. The program consists of eight interactive sessions (15-20 minutes each) delivered over 5 weeks (two sessions per week). The intervention incorporates activities addressing multiple intelligence domains (verbal/linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, visual-spatial, interpersonal, and musical), including games, drama, movement-based activities, music, visual materials, and coloring/design tasks. The program aims to improve children's personal safety knowledge and skills, including safe play and bicycle use, prevention of home accidents, recognizing hazards, protection from strangers, knowing what to do when lost, and sun safety.
干预措施: Multiple Intelligences Theory-Based Personal Safety Education Program (PSEP) (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Change in Health Education Scale- Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale (PSFAS) Score
时间窗: Baseline (pre-intervention) and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (post-intervention)
Health Education Scale: Developed by Aydos (2013), this scale assesses preschool children's knowledge and skills in health education. The scale consists of six subscales: Personal Safety and First Aid (25 items, Cronbach's α = .945), Hygiene and Self-Care (26 items, α = .934), Nutrition (20 items, α = .936), Sleep (7 items, α = .885), Mental Health and Social Relationships (20 items, α = .934), and Neglect and Abuse (19 items, α = .941). All items are rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge and skills. In the present study, only the Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale (PSFAS) was used to assess children's personal safety knowledge and first aid skills. The PSFAS consists of 25 parent-reported items, and total scores range from 25 to 125. Higher scores indicate greater levels of personal safety and first-aid knowledge and skills. The primary outcome of the study was the change in children's personal safety knowledge and skills.
Change in Health Education Scale- Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale (PSFAS) score
时间窗: Baseline (pre-intervention) and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (post-intervention)
Health Education Scale: Developed by Aydos (2013), this scale assesses preschool children's knowledge and skills in health education. The scale consists of six subscales: Personal Safety and First Aid (25 items, Cronbach's α = .945), Hygiene and Self-Care (26 items, α = .934), Nutrition (20 items, α = .936), Sleep (7 items, α = .885), Mental Health and Social Relationships (20 items, α = .934), and Neglect and Abuse (19 items, α = .941). All items are rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge and skills. In the present study, only the Personal Safety and First Aid Subscale (PSFAS) was used to assess children's personal safety knowledge and first aid skills. The PSFAS consists of 25 parent-reported items, and total scores range from 25 to 125. Higher scores indicate greater levels of personal safety and first-aid knowledge and skills. The primary outcome of the study was the change in children's personal safety knowledge and skills.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Emine Uzuntarla Güney
Research Assistant
Karabuk University