Investigation of the Psychometric Properties of the Squares Test in Measuring Hand Function in Parkinson's Disease

Completed

• Conditions: Parkinson Disease
• Interventions: Other: The squares test

• Registration Number: NCT03580486
• Lead Sponsor: Gazi University

Brief Summary

The first aim of the present study was to investigate reliability, validity and responsiveness to the minimal clinically important difference, which is defined as the smallest change in score corresponding to clinically meaningful change realized by patient, of the squares test in people with PD.

The second aim of the study is to determine the relationship between hand function and both trunk control and balance in PD population.

Detailed Description

At baseline, the ST, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (H\&Y) Scale, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was applied to the PS group when the patients were "on" period. The ST was repeated after seven days from the first application when PD group were "on" period to evaluate its reliability.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-12-19
• Primary Completion: 2015-08-17
• Study Completion: 2015-08-17
• Status Verified: 2018-06
• Study First Submitted: 2018-06-29
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-07-06
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-07-06
• Study First Posted: 2018-07-09
• Last Update Posted: 2018-07-09

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 107

Inclusion Criteria

• at least 40 years of age
• neurologist-diagnosed idiopathic PD (using UK Brain Bank criteria)
• Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stages 1 to 4
• Mini-Mental State Examination ≥ 22/30 (literate and with 5 or more years of education) and ≥18/30 (illiterate and with less than 5 years of education)
• living in the community

Exclusion Criteria

• individuals with other major diseases (e.g., cancer, stroke, epilepsy, dementia, and severe rheumatoid arthritis)
• preexisting disabilities
• visual impairments
• diagnosis of atypical Parkinsonism
• H&Y stage 5
• previous surgical management of PD

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Healthy controls	The squares test	Healthy people
Patients with Parkinson's Disease	The squares test	Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Squares Test	2 minutes	The Squares Test is used to evaluate hand function.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Nine-Hole Peg Test	2 minutes	The Nine-Hole Peg Test is used to evaluate hand function.
Berg Balance Scale	15 minutes	Functional balance performance was assessed with the Berg Balance scale.
Trunk Impairment Scale	20 minutes	Trunk control was assessed by the Trunk Impairment Scale.