Effect of Photodynamic Therapy with Scaling and Root Planing on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Status in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Clinico-Biochemical Study

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium caused by oral microbiota that destroy the periodontium. The subgingival microbiota and immune inflammatory response of the host is responsible for triggering inflammation in periodontitis. The conventional treatment, scaling and root planing remains primary non-surgical management of chronic periodontitis. Various methods are constantly employed to improve the effects of non-surgical treatment, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is based on chemicals called photosensitizers that are activate by specific light wavelength. Its activation leads to the generation of singlet oxygen and free radicals responsible for cytotoxic effect against bacterial cells.

NOVELTY: PDT is a newer advent in laser and it is beneficial when used as an adjunct to periodontal therapy due to its antibacterial property. In most studies, only clinical parameters are taken into consideration but in present study, Fractalkine levels are measured as a biochemical marker for evaluation. Fractalkine, a chemokine marker is one of the new possible biomarkers for periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of photodynamic therapy with SRP in type 2 diabetes mellitus of chronic periodontitis with the help of clinical parameters, biochemical parameters using fractalkine level in serum, HbA1c level.

METHODOLOGY: Patients will be selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Full mouth SRP will be done. Subgingival placement of dye and allowed remain inside for 60seconds. The pocket surface was then exposed to diode laser for 1minute/tooth (10seconds for each of site). Clinical parameters which include PI, GI, PPD, CAL and biochemical parameter HbA1c will be measured at baseline and after 3 months along with collection of serum for evaluation of Fractalkine (CX3CL1).

EXPECTED OUTCOMES: The present study expects more reduction in inflammation on sites treated with PDT with SRP as compared to SRP alone in type 2 diabetic patients of chronic periodontitis.