FaReWell Depression - Facial Exercise Program to Treat Depression
- Conditions
- Depression
- Interventions
- Behavioral: FaReWell Depression
- Registration Number
- NCT03983291
- Lead Sponsor
- Zentrum für Angst und Depressionsbehandlung Zürich
- Brief Summary
This study investigates if a physiotherapeutic exercise program designed to relax facial muscles associated with the expression of negative emotions and to activate and strengthen facial muscles associated with the expression of positive emotions can reduce the symptoms of depression and improve wellbeing and quality of life in the affected patients.
- Detailed Description
Activity of the facial musculature expresses emotions, but also generates proprioceptive signals to the emotional brain that maintain and reinforce the expressed emotions. This has been described by Charles Darwin and William James in the facial feedback hypothesis.
Studies have shown that interruption of facial feedback by the injection of botulinum toxin into the corrugator and procerus muscles, which express negative emotions like sadness, anger, and fear, can reduce the symptoms of depression.
In the present study we investigate, if similar effects can be achieved by a relaxing massage of these and other muscles that are associated with the expression of negative emotions and if strengthening exercises of muscles that express positive emotions, the zygomaticus and orbicularis oculi muscles, can contribute to the rehabilitation of positive emotionality in depression. After instruction by a physiotherapist, participants will practice the exercises daily for 15 minutes.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 40
- Mild to moderate unipolar depression
- Stable treatment for at least 6 weeks
- Organic mental disorders
- Mental disorders due to psychoactive substance use
- Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
- Previous cosmetic procedures (botulinum toxin, fillers, lifting)
- Facial palsy
- Facial skin disorders
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description FaReWell Depression FaReWell Depression Physiotherapeutic exercises for the relaxation of facial muscles associated with the expression of negative emotions and for the activation and strengthening of facial muscles associated with the expression of positive emotions 15 minutes daily Resting exercise FaReWell Depression Resting 15 minutes daily
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 6 weeks The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is an expert rating scale with 10 items for the measurement of the severity of depressive symptoms. Change in depression severity is measured as change in the total score of the scale (0-60 points).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 3, 9, 12 weeks The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is an expert rating scale with 10 items for the measurement of the severity of depressive symptoms. Change in depression severity is measured as change in the total score of the scale (0-60 points).
Change in Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks The Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is a self-rating scale with 9 items for the measurement of the severity of depressive symptoms. Change in depression severity is measured as change in the total score of the scale (0-27 points).
Change in Snaith-Hamilton-Pleasure-Scale (SHAPS-D) 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks The Snaith-Hamilton-Pleasure-Scale (SHAPS-D) is a self-rating scale with 14 items for the measurement of pleasure. Change in anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure) is measured as change in the total score of the scale (0-14 points).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Zentrum für Angst- und Depressionsbehandlung
🇨🇭Zürich, Switzerland