Mind the Vaccination Gap: Understanding and Overcoming the Racial/Ethnic Inequalities in COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 4,039
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Vaccination appointment booking
研究概览
简要总结
With the constant threat of new epidemic waves and the emergence of variants, COVID-19 resilience can only be attained when a sufficient level of immunity is achieved. Yet, in the US and the UK, COVID-19 vaccination campaigns have failed to secure consistent vaccination acceptance in racial/ethnic minority communities. Despite racial/ethnic minorities being more at risk from COVID-19, they are less vaccinated than the White majority. The investigators propose that current vaccination invitation messages are deemed less trustworthy by racial/ethnic minorities than the White majority and that this might partly explain reduced vaccination acceptance. To provide causal evidence of the role of trust and actionable insights, the investigators will experimentally assess the benefits of new invitation messages to receive the COVID-19 booster dose in large, racially/ethnically diverse samples in the US and the UK. Results will evidence how to increase message and source trustworthiness to foster trust and vaccination acceptance across racial/ethnic groups.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Participants will read and evaluate 4 versions of the vaccination invitation. The condition will be selected randomly by the Qualtrics algorithm (with an even selection rate). The four invitations will be presented to each participant in a random order based on the Qualtrics randomisation algorithm.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- 未提供
排除标准
- •if participants complete the study in less than 5 minutes
- •if participants complete the study without paying attention (as indicated by their answers to two attention check questions)
研究组 & 干预措施
Control sender + control content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
You are invited to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination. Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
Control sender + Low trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
You are invited to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination. The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Control sender + Medium trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
You are invited to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination. The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Control sender+ high trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
You are invited to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination. The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
This vaccination is especially important for people who are at higher risk from COVID such as older individuals or those from ethnic minorities.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, a fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Low trust boost Sender + control content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Low trust boost Sender + low trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Low trust boost Sender + medium trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Low trust boost sender + high trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
This vaccination is especially important for people who are at higher risk from COVID such as older individuals or those from ethnic minorities.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, a fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Medium trust boost Sender + control content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Medium trust boost sender + low trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Medium trust boost sender + Medium trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
Medium trust boost Sender+ high trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
This vaccination is especially important for people who are at higher risk from COVID such as older individuals or those from ethnic minorities.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, a fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
High trust boost sender + control content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
Dr Sanjay Kumar
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
High trust boost sender + low trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
Dr Sanjay Kumar
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
High trust boost Sender + medium trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
Dr Sanjay Kumar
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
High trust boost sender + high trust boost content
Participants will read the following text in an online survey:
As your local GP and a health expert who cares for the local community, I would like to invite you to book your COVID-19 booster vaccination.
The vaccine reduces your chance of becoming infected and protects you against severe forms of the illness. It also protects your loved ones by reducing the risk that you infect others. COVID can be severe, don't risk it.
This vaccination is especially important for people who are at higher risk from COVID such as older individuals or those from ethnic minorities.
Vaccines may cause side effects, but the benefits outweigh the risks. The most common side effects are very mild (e.g., sore arm, a fever) and severe side effects are very rare (e.g., allergic reaction).
Click here to book an appointment: accurx.thirdparty.nhs.uk/r/aafwaczmd5
Dr Sanjay Kumar
干预措施: Trust boost (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Vaccination appointment booking
时间窗: immediately after intervention
Likelihood to book a vaccination appointment via the message. Participants will report if they would use the link in the message to book their vaccination appointment on a 5 point Likert scale (1: No, I would not, 3: Not sure/maybe later, 5: Yes, I would)
Trust perception
时间窗: immediately after intervention
Perceived trustworthiness of the vaccine invitation. Participants will rate how trustworthy is the invitation message on a 5 point Likert scale (1: Untrustworthy 3: Not sure, 5: Trustworthy)
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Marie Juanchich
Reader/Associate Professor in Psychology
University of Essex