Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Soccer Referees: a Cross Sectional Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 50
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Higher risk for coronary artery disease in referees aged over 35 years old.
研究概览
简要总结
Although the mortality rate among soccer players is low, it causes much impact on the entire community and is a fascinating conundrum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk of soccer referees, to describe the frequency of cardiovascular risk considering age groups younger and older than 35 years old and to relate the Framingham and PROCAM indices for the comparison of cardiovascular risk in soccer referees. 50 referees of Paulista Soccer Federation were subjected to clinical and laboratory based evaluations at the Center for Sports Health at the Faculty of Medicine of ABC, and divided into two groups: lower and higher than 35 years of age.
详细描述
This is a cross-sectional study performed in a non-probabilistic sample for convenience, derived from information collected from medical records of the Medical Statistics Service. Data were obtained through clinical evaluation information and subsidiary examinations of 50 high performance field soccer referees of the Paulista Soccer Federation (PFF), during a pre-season training period of the 2009 Brazilian soccer championship.
Emphasis was especially placed on exposure to risk factors for coronary artery disease, conceivably more responsible for sudden death, when congenital heart disease was excluded.
All subjects were acquiesced to clinical and laboratory evaluations at the Center for Health in Sport of the Faculty of Medicine of ABC (FMABC). The referees were split into two age groups, according to the median of their ages. One of the groups consisted of trained individuals < 35 years old while the other group was made up of referees > 35 years old.
Family history: Occurrence of one or more relatives with disease or death from cardiac disease aged less than 50 years; Report of cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, Marfan syndrome or long QT syndrome, severe cardiac arrhythmias, or other cardiovascular diseases.
Personal history: Syncope or pre-Syncope; Chest pain or discomfort; Lack of air or fatigue disproportionate to the effort made; Palpitations or irregular heartbeat.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Only
- 时间视角
- Retrospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 25 Years 至 44 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •elite referees of the gold series of the Paulista Soccer Federation;
- •registered for participation in the São Paulo professional soccer championship in 2009;
- •eligible for pre-participative evaluation and have completed the entire series of tests considered indispensable for the present study.
排除标准
- 未提供
结局指标
主要结局
Higher risk for coronary artery disease in referees aged over 35 years old.
时间窗: 7 months
Higher risk for coronary artery disease in referees aged over 35 years old assessed by clinical and laboratory evaluations.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro
Associate Professor
University of Sao Paulo