Clinical Study of Jawarish Qurtum and Arq e Badiyan in cases of Usr e Tams Ibtedayee primary dysmenorrhea A randomized single blind standard controlled Trial

Dysmenorrhea is a painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day today activity .It is painful and cramping sensation in the lower abdomen often accompanied by biological symptoms such as fatigue  and dizziness occurring just before or during the menses. The incidence of primary dysmenorrhea of sufficient magnitude with incapacitation is about 15-20% . It is  a  very common complaint, experienced by 45-95% of women of reproductive age group. Dysmenorrhea is of two types: Primary dysmenorrhoea (Usr-e-Tams Ibtedayee) is a common gynecological complain refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps of uterine origin during menstruation in the absence of an identifiable pathological lesion. Primary dysmenorrhea usually appears within 1-2 years of menarche, when ovulatory cycles are established. The disorder affects the younger women but may persist into the 40s.It affects more than 50% of post pubescent women in the age groups of 18-25 years. It is common in adolescent and characterized by spasmodic pain beginning with onset of menstruation and lasting 12-24 hrs. In classical  unani literature,  usr-e-Tams  has  been described as dard al-rahim or auja’-e- rahem. The pain usually occurs in the  uterus  and  spreads  to  the surrounding  areas.  It has  been  mentioned  that  any obstruction to the  flow of  menstrual blood alters the temperament  (sū’-i-mizāj)  resulting  in  difficult  orpainful  menstruation, so the drugs prescribed for the treatment of Usr e tams should be possessing the properties of muhallil, mudir e haiz, musakkin awjāh, mufattit sudad. a pharmacopoeial unani formulation Jawarish Qurtum and Arq e Bad**iyan is selected to study in patients of Usre Tams Ibtedayee. It contains 6 ingredients viz Maghz-e-Qurtum(Carthamus tinctorious) 24gm, Maghz-e-Badam Shireen(Prunus amygdalus) 24gm, Anisoon(Pimpinella anisum L.) 12gm, Bisfayej(Polypodium vulgareL.) 12gm, Asal 100gm, Mastagi(Pistacia lentiscus Linn.) 24gm. Araq e Badiyan(Feoniculum vulgare*)* also having the property of mudir e bol and digestive.