Evaluation of Gingival Biotypes of Anterior Teeth in Adults With Abnormal Skeletal Jaw Relations

• Conditions: Abnormal Jaw Relations
• Interventions: Other: exposure will be abnormal skeletal jaw relations

• Registration Number: NCT03493477
• Lead Sponsor: Cairo University

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to evaluate gingival biotypes and width of keratinized gingiva in the anterior region of adults with abnormal skeletal jaw relations.

Detailed Description

This study will include consecutive adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment with skeletal Class II and Class III jaw relations based on clinical and cephalometric values. Each group will be further divided according to their vertical skeletal pattern. Gingival biotype will be determined -using the probe transparency method- into either thick or thin biotype for all anterior teeth in both jaws. Width of keratinized gingiva will be measured from the muco-gingival junction to the free gingival margin in the middle of the crown of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth using a digital caliper with a sensitivity of 0.01 mm. Statistical analysis will be applied to see the correlation between gingival biotypes , width of keratinized gingiva , and abnormal skeletal jaw relations.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2018-03-20
• Status Verified: 2018-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-04-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-04-03
• Study First Posted: 2018-04-10
• Last Update Posted: 2018-04-10
• Study Start: 2018-05-01
• Primary Completion: 2018-10-30
• Study Completion: 2018-10-30

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 120

Inclusion Criteria

1. Adult patients having an age range of 18 -30 years.
2. Adults with skeletal Class II and Class III jaw relation
3. Fair oral hygiene with absence of any active periodontal disease.
4. Patients with full permanent dentition (with the exception of third molars) with acceptable alignment of teeth.
5. Absence of systemic disease (medically free patients).

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Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients with extensive restorations on the anterior teeth.
2. Subjects taking medication affecting the periodontal tissues
3. History of previous periodontal surgery or orthodontic treatment.
4. Pregnant or lactating female patients
5. Syndromic patients

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Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Skeletal Class II Group	exposure will be abnormal skeletal jaw relations	From the lateral cephalometric radiograph , Steiner analysis (ANB angle should be higher than mean value, mean value 3 ±2), Witt's appraisal should be higher than mean value (mean value zero), and McNamara analysis (A-B diff NV should be higher than mean value, mean value 4±2).At least two of the three mentioned analyses should verify skeletal class II relation
Skeletal Class III Group	exposure will be abnormal skeletal jaw relations	From the lateral cephalometric radiograph , Steiner analysis (ANB angle should be lower than mean value, mean value 3 ±2), Witt's appraisal should be lower than mean value (mean value zero), and McNamara analysis (A-B diff NV should be lower than mean value, mean value 4±2).At least two of the three mentioned analyses should verify skeletal class III relation

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Correlation between gingival biotypes and abnormal sagittal skeletal jaw relations.	6 months	Gingival biotype will be determined using the probe transparency method, in which probing is done in the sulcus at the mid facial aspect of maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines by a periodontal probe. Gingival thickness will be classified as thin when the underlying periodontal probe outline can be seen through the gingiva; otherwise, it will be considered thick. Results of the twelve anterior teeth will be recorded for each patient in a tabulated form. Statistical Analysis will be done to detect the correlation between gingival biotypes (Thick or thin ) and abnormal sagittal skeletal jaw relation ( skeletal class II or skeletal class III 9

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Correlation between width of keratinized gingiva in the anterior region and abnormal sagittal skeletal jaw relation	6 months	Width of keratinized gingiva will be measured from the muco-gingival junction to the free gingival margin in the middle of the crown of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth using a digital caliper with a sensitivity of 0.01 mm. Statistical analysis will be done to detect the correlation between the width of keratinized gingiva and abnormal sagittal jaw relations (skeletal class II or skeletal class III )
Correlation between width of keratinized gingiva and abnormal vertical skeletal jaw relations.	6 months	Width of keratinized gingiva will be measured from the muco-gingival junction to the free gingival margin in the middle of the crown of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth using a digital caliper with a sensitivity of 0.01 mm .Statistical analysis will be done to detect the correlation between the width of keratinized gingiva and abnormal vertical skeletal jaw relations ( long face or short face )
Correlation between gingival biotypes and abnormal vertical skeletal jaw relations.	6 months	will be determined using the probe transparency method, in which probing is done in the sulcus at the mid facial aspect of maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines by a periodontal probe. Gingival thickness will be classified as thin when the underlying periodontal probe outline can be seen through the gingiva; otherwise, it will be considered thick. Results of the twelve anterior teeth will be recorded for each patient in a tabulated form.Statistical analysis will be done to detect the correlation between the gingival biotype ( thick or thin ) and abnormal vertical skeletal jaw relations ( long face or short face )