Health-economic Impact of Pulse Oximetry Systematic Screening of Critical Congenital Heart Disease in Asymptomatic Newborns
- Conditions
- Critical Congenital Heart Disease
- Interventions
- Diagnostic Test: Pulse oximetry
- Registration Number
- NCT03078218
- Lead Sponsor
- University Hospital, Bordeaux
- Brief Summary
Persistant hypoxemia in the newborn confers, even isolated, an abnormal clinical situation, that needs to be addressed for an adequate diagnosis and an optimal treatment.
If during the first hours of life, hypoxemia is frequent and often transient, beyond that, it is necessary to search the various etiological conditions such as a critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) or a non cardiac affection (sepsis, anemia, respiratory disease).
Newborn pulse oximetry screening identifies babies with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) based on the rational that they frequently have a degree of hypoxemia that may be clinically undetectable. CCHDs are life-threatening forms of congenital heart disease (CHD) occuring in 2-3/1000 live births but accounting for 3%-7.5% of infant deaths.
Early detection is beneficial because of acute collapse, if not resulting in death, is associated with a worse surgical and neurodevelopmental outcome.
Currently, screening for CCHD involves antenatal ultrasound scanning and post-natal physical examination. Although antenatal detection rates have improved over recent years and can be as high as 70%-80% in some centers, this is not consistent. Indeed, in "Nouvelle Aquitaine" overall \<50% of CCHDs are detected before birth. In addition, up to a third of infants with CCHD may be missed on post-natal examination. Pulse oximetry screening can help to close the "diagnostic gap' that is, increase the detection of babies who slip through the current screening net.
Several large European studies and a subsequent meta-analysis have shown that pulse oximetry screening is a highly specific (99.9%) and moderately sensitive (76.5%) test which increases CCHD detection rates. The high specificity results in a low false-positive rate 0.05% to 0.5%. But those babies with a Positive Test, if they may not have CCHD, they may be diagnosed with other causes of hypoxemia (congenital pneumonia, sepsis, persistent pulmonary hypertension,...). As with CCHD, delayed recognition of these conditions can result in postnatal collapse and significant morbidity and mortality. It is also more useful to consider these conditions as secondary targets of screening and to remember they constitute 30%-70% of false positives. In 2011, the US Health and Human Services Secretary recommended that pulse oximetry screening for CCHD be added to the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel. In Europe, implementation is advanced in such countries as North European Countries, and Switzerland. There isn't yet any European guidance. In France, the implementation is limited to local and transient experiments. The feasibility, usefulness and cost-effectiveness of routine pulse oximetry screening have not been evaluated so far. The French setting has two specificities : 1/ the antenatal detection rate is considered to be rather high. 2/ in contrast to a lot of other European countries, early discharge from the maternity ward before 48 hours of life is not common, decreasing the risk of discharging a baby with undiagnosed CCHD, but not saving babies from collapse.
- The Investigators hypothesis is that routine pulse oximetry screening in asymptomatic newborns would allow to reduce the incidence of complications related to CCHDs as well as those related to non cardiac pathologies for a reasonable cost for the French Health Care System.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 44140
BEFORE Period: newborns
- aged at birth superior or equal to 35 weeks of gestation (≥ 35+ 0 days weeks of gestation)
- borned in metropolitan France in involved maternity wards.
- Asymptomatic before the screening (no respiratory signs, neither collapse or cardiac arrest).
AFTER Period: newborns
- aged at birth superior or equal to 35 weeks of gestation (≥ 35+ 0 days weeks of gestation)
- borned in metropolitan France in involved maternity wards.
- Asymptomatic before the screening (no respiratory signs, neither collapse or cardiac arrest).
- With consent done by the 2 parents.
- Parents covered with the French National health insurance
- Newborns with a prenatally diagnosed congenital cyanotic malformation or any other cyanotic affection.
- Newborns with a postnatal pre-screening diagnosed congenital cyanotic malformation or any other cyanotic affection.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SEQUENTIAL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description After period group Pulse oximetry Consist in a systematic pulse oximetry screening where all eligible newborns will be included in the same maternity wards
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio Up to 12 month of each period Difference of mean costs between the two strategies divided by the difference in the number of complications between the two strategies. Complications of interest are: acute respiratory distress, acute cardio-circulatory distress (collapse, acidosis, shock, multivisceral failure), and death.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Incremental cost per life saved Up to 12 month of each period Difference of mean costs between the two strategies divided by the difference in the number of saved lives between the two strategies.
Net monetary benefit for the French Health System of generalizing the pulse oximetry screening Up to 12 month of each period Cost of pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart defects in France. The duration of a pulse oximetry examination Costs will be calculated in the perspective of the French Health System. The test will be realised before 24 hours of life in a newborn aged at least of 35 weeks of gestation
Performances of pulse oximetry for the diagnostic of CCHD and non-cardiac disease Up to 12 month of the after period sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value
Trial Locations
- Locations (29)
Clinique Esquirol - Saint Hilaire
🇫🇷Agen, France
CH Brive
🇫🇷Brive-la-Gaillarde, France
CH Angoulême
🇫🇷Angouleme, France
CH Châtellerault
🇫🇷Chatellerault, France
Polyclinique Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine
🇫🇷Bordeaux, France
CH de la Haute Gironde
🇫🇷Blaye, France
CH Dax
🇫🇷Dax, France
CH Guéret
🇫🇷Guéret, France
Maternité Pernelle d'Aufrédy CH de La Rochelle - Ré - Aunis
🇫🇷La rochelle, France
CH Robert Boulin
🇫🇷Libourne, France
CH d'Arcachon
🇫🇷La Teste de buch, France
Clinique Emailleurs
🇫🇷Limoges, France
CHU Limoges
🇫🇷Limoges, France
Polyclinique Rive droite
🇫🇷Lormont, France
CH Marmande
🇫🇷Marmande, France
CH Mont de Marsan
🇫🇷Mont de Marsan, France
CH Niort
🇫🇷Niort, France
CH Périgueux
🇫🇷Perigueux, France
CHU de Bordeaux
🇫🇷Pessac, France
CH Saint Junien
🇫🇷Saint Junien, France
CHU de Poitiers
🇫🇷Poitiers, France
CH Rochefort
🇫🇷Rochefort, France
CH Saintes
🇫🇷Saintes, France
Clinique Soyaux
🇫🇷Soyaux, France
CH de Tulle
🇫🇷Tulle, France
Maison de Santé Protestante de Bordeaux Bagatelle
🇫🇷Talence, France
CH Villeneuve-sur-Lot
🇫🇷Villeneuve-sur-Lot, France
Clinique Jean Villar
🇫🇷Bruges, France
CH Agen
🇫🇷Agen, France