Cervical Parameters and Body Awareness in Relation to Smartphone Addiction
- Conditions
- Smartphone Addiction
- Interventions
- Other: Assessment of Cervical Pain Pressure ThresholdOther: Assessment of general cervical mobilityOther: Assessment of upper cervical mobilityOther: Assessment of Body Awareness
- Registration Number
- NCT06598774
- Lead Sponsor
- Nagihan Acet
- Brief Summary
The study was planned as a observational, cross-sectional study
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 40
- being a smartphone user
- being between the ages of 18 and 25
- neck pain
- radicular pain
- neurological symptoms
- cervical surgery or cervical trauma
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Smartphone addiction group Assessment of Cervical Pain Pressure Threshold Participants with smartphone addiction Smartphone addiction group Assessment of general cervical mobility Participants with smartphone addiction Smartphone addiction group Assessment of upper cervical mobility Participants with smartphone addiction Smartphone addiction group Assessment of Body Awareness Participants with smartphone addiction Control Group Assessment of Cervical Pain Pressure Threshold Participants without smarthone addiction Control Group Assessment of general cervical mobility Participants without smarthone addiction Control Group Assessment of upper cervical mobility Participants without smarthone addiction Control Group Assessment of Body Awareness Participants without smarthone addiction
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Assessment of Body Awareness Day 1 Body awareness will be assessed using a questionnaire designed to determine normal or abnormal sensitivity levels in body composition. The questionnaire consists of four subgroups: 1) Changes in body processes, 2) Sleep-wake cycle, 3) Prediction of disease onset, and 4) Prediction of body responses, with a total of 18 items. Participants were asked to rate each item using a scale from 1 to 7. It has a minimum score of 18 and a maximum score of 126, with higher scores indicating greater body awareness. The validity and reliability of this questionnaire have been reported to be high.
Assessment of head posture Day 1 Head posture will be assessed using photographic methods and craniovertebral angle. The craniovertebral angle is calculated as the angle between a horizontal line passing through C7 and a line extending from the tragus of the ear to C7 \[23\]. An angle less than 49 degrees indicates an anterior head position.
Assessment of Cervical Pain Pressure Threshold (PPT) Day 1 The cervical PPTs will be assessed using a mechanical pressure algometer (Baseline Force Gauge Model 12-0304; Baseline, NY, USA). A force will be applied perpendicularly to a 0.5 cm² area at an approximate rate of 3 N/s. While the patient is seated, pressure is applied at the midpoint of the upper trapezius muscle, and 2 cm lateral to the C2 spinous process bilaterally \[25\]. For each area, two measurements are taken at intervals, and the average of these measurements is calculated to determine the final value.
Assessment of general cervical mobility Day 1 Cervical mobility will assessed using the CROM (Cervical Range of Motion) deluxe device, developed by the University of Minnesota. The CROM is an inclinometer system that utilizes gravity and magnetic effects \[26\]. It is validated for accuracy and reliability. The device consists of two fixed inclinometers for the sagittal and frontal planes, a horizontal inclinometer with a magnetic needle mounted on the top of the device, a magnetic neck brace, a scale-equipped arm with a ruler mounted on the top, and a vertebra locator arm with a weighing system.
Assessment of upper cervical mobility Day 1 The CROM device is securely attached to the participant\'s head while they lay supine on a treatment table. The evaluator asks the participant to relax while the neck is brought to its maximum cervical flexion. In the full flexion position, the head and neck are passively rotated as far as possible within the limits of comfortable pain or physiological stiffness. The procedure is repeated twice on each side with a 30-second rest between tests. The sensitivity of the flexion-rotation test was found to be 91%, its specificity 90%, and its overall diagnostic accuracy 91% . The cervical flexion-rotation test is an important tool in identifying movement impairment at the C1/2 segment and can be used accurately and reliably even by inexperienced examiners.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Atılım University
🇹🇷Ankara, Turkey