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Treatment for Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow

Not Applicable
Conditions
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Nerve Compression Syndromes
Interventions
Procedure: Simple decompression of the ulnar nerve
Behavioral: Conservative treatment
Registration Number
NCT03651609
Lead Sponsor
University Medical Centre Ljubljana
Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to investigate utility and appropriateness of treatment interventions taking into account the presumed mechanisms of two main varieties of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE). The investigators hypothesize that in patients with UNE under the humeroulnar aponeurosis (HUA) surgical HUA release (simple decompression) is superior to conservative treatment. By contrast, in patients with UNE at the retroepicondylar (RTC) groove surgical HUA release (simple decompression) should not be superior to conservative treatment.

Detailed Description

Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) is the second most common focal neuropathy with annual incidence rate of 21 per 100.000. Therefore, in Slovenia UNE each year affects approximately 420 and in Europe 156.000 patients. In previous publications evidence was presented that idiopathic UNE consists of two conditions occurring 2-5 cm apart. In the first condition, affecting about 15% of UNE patients, the ulnar nerve is entrapped 2-3 cm distal to the medial epicondyle (ME) under the humeroulnar aponeurosis (HUA), i.e., in the cubital tunnel. In the second condition, affecting the majority (about 85%) of patients, the lesion is located at the ME or up to 4 cm proximally in the retroepicondylar (RTC) groove. As no anatomical structure constricting the ulnar nerve is usually found in that segment, the most probable cause of UNE at this location is extrinsic ulnar nerve compression against the underlying bone. The investigators believe that these two groups of UNE patients need different therapeutic approaches: (1) surgical release for ulnar nerve entrapment distal to ME and (2) conservative treatment for extrinsic nerve compression in the RTC groove. The efficiency of this therapeutic approach was already evaluated and significant clinical improvement was found in 80% of UNE patients. However, the design of that study did not enable to obtain an indisputable evidence that outcome was a result of treatment approach. It is still possible that improvement observed in patient population was a consequence of natural history rather than therapy. To resolve this problem a properly designed randomized control trial is needed. The investigators believe such trial would prevent numerous unnecessary and delayed operations in UNE patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
150
Inclusion Criteria
  • continuous numbness or paresthesias in the 5th finger,
  • weakness of the ulnar-innervated muscles or hand clumsiness.
Exclusion Criteria
  • previous elbow fracture or surgery,
  • polyneuropathy, symptoms of polyneuropathy, conditions causing polyneuropathy (e.g., diabetes) or multiple mononeuropathy,
  • motor neuron disorders (e.g., monomelic amyotrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - ALS).

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
UNE at HUA_HUA releaseConservative treatmentPatients with UNE under the HUA randomly distributed for simple decompression of the ulnar nerve. Patients will also receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. Control neurological examination will be performed every 3 months and identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation at 1 year follow-up.
UNE at HUA_conservative treatmentConservative treatmentPatients with UNE under the HUA randomly distributed for conservative treatment. Patients will receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. In order to prevent deterioration in conservatively treated group of patients with UNE at HUA control neurological examination will be performed every 3 months. Criteria for surgical HUA release will be clinical deterioration or lack of clinical improvement after 12 months. Prior to surgical HUA release and at 1 year follow-up identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation will be performed.
UNE at HUA_HUA releaseSimple decompression of the ulnar nervePatients with UNE under the HUA randomly distributed for simple decompression of the ulnar nerve. Patients will also receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. Control neurological examination will be performed every 3 months and identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation at 1 year follow-up.
UNE at RTC_HUA releaseSimple decompression of the ulnar nervePatients with UNE in the RTC groove randomly distributed for simple decompression of the ulnar nerve. Patients will also receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. At 1 year follow-up identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation will be performed.
UNE at RTC_HUA releaseConservative treatmentPatients with UNE in the RTC groove randomly distributed for simple decompression of the ulnar nerve. Patients will also receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. At 1 year follow-up identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation will be performed.
UNE at RTC_conservative treatmentConservative treatmentPatients with UNE in the RTC groove randomly distributed for conservative treatment. Patients will receive pictured recommendations with descriptions, which limb positions should be avoided. At 1 year follow-up identical protocol as at the time of diagnostic evaluation will be performed.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Improvement/remission2 years

Primary outcome of the study will be percentage of patients with at least moderate symptoms improvement or complete remission

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
UNE symptoms2 years

Percentage of patients without UNE symptoms or with minimal UNE symptoms

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Medical Center Ljubljana, Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology

🇸🇮

Ljubljana, Slovenia

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