Moral Distress, Moral Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Among Mayo Clinic Nurses
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Enrolling By Invitation
- Sponsor
- Mayo Clinic
- Enrollment
- 21,300
- Locations
- 3
- Primary Endpoint
- Measure of Moral Distress-Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) Score
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The goal of this descriptive study is to examine levels of moral distress (MD), moral injury (MI), & post-traumatic stress (PTS) levels among nursing staff at Mayo Clinic. The main questions this study aims to answer are:
- Determine the levels of MD, MI, and PTS symptoms experienced by nurses who participate in the study.
- Evaluate differences in MD, MI, and PTS symptoms by setting, specialties, and geographic locations.
- Examine demographic and professional characteristics that are associated with high levels of MD, MI and PTS.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Observational Model
- Case Only
- Time Perspective
- Cross Sectional
Eligibility Criteria
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Mayo Clinic Department of Nursing Staff including:
- •Registered nurses
- •Licensed practical nurses
- •Nursing support staff (including roles such as patient care assistants, patient care specialists, medical assistants, and nurse technicians)
Exclusion Criteria
- •Social workers
- •Chaplains
- •Unit coordinators
- •Other staff who do not support direct patient care but are within the nursing department
- •Other employees outside the Department of Nursing
Arms & Interventions
Mayo Clinic Nurses
Mayo Clinic Department of Nursing staff across the enterprise including advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nursing support/unlicensed staff.
Intervention: Surveys (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Measure of Moral Distress-Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) Score
Time Frame: Baseline
The MMD-HP (Measure of Moral Distress-Healthcare Professionals) is a 27-item moral distress scale. A composite score is computed for items 1 - 25 and is obtained by multiplying the frequency scores (0 = Never to 4 = Very Frequently scale) and the distress scores (0 = None to 4 = Very Distressing scale) for each item; the products of these can range from 0 - 16. Higher scores indicate a greater deal of moral distress.
Moral Injury Outcome Scale (MIOS) score
Time Frame: Baseline
The Moral Injury Outcome Scale (MIOS) is a 14-item self-reported survey divided into two subscales-shame-related and trust-violation related. Both the shame and trust-violated subscales are seven items per subscale. Respondents are asked to indicate how strongly they agree with each statement in the past month using a 5 point Likert scale where 0 = Strongly Disagree and 4 = Strongly Agree. The total score range for each subscale is 0 - 28, and the overall score range is 0 - 56. Symptom severity is categorized as follows: 14 - 28 indicates mild moral injury, 29 - 42 indicates moderate moral injury, and 35 - 56 indicates severe moral injury.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PCL-5) score
Time Frame: Baseline
The PCL - 5 (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) Checklist) is a 20-item self-reported survey that assesses the 20 DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD. Respondents are asked to indicate the frequency that each item occurs on a 5 point Likert scale where 0 = Not at All and 4 = Extremely. The total score is the sum of all 20 questions, with higher scores indicating a greater likelihood of PTSD.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Melissa A. Wilson
Senior Associate Consultant
Mayo Clinic