A Transiliac Crest Bone Histology and Histomorphometry Study in Postmenopausal Women With Low Bone Mass or Osteoporosis Previously Treated With Denosumab

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Low Bone Mineral Density
Osteoporosis
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Low Bone Mass

Interventions: Drug: Previous denosumab

Registration Number: NCT00887965

Lead Sponsor: Amgen

Brief Summary: To characterize the effects of discontinuation of denosumab therapy on variables of bone histology in postmenopausal women with low bone mass or osteoporosis. Patients who have received denosumab and completed study 20050179 (NCT00293813), completed study 20050141 (NCT00330460), completed study 20060237 (NCT00515463), completed study 20030216 (NCT00089791) but did not enroll in study 20060289 (NCT00523341) will be included in this study. Patients who will participate in the off-treatment imaging study for 20080747 (NCT00890981) are also eligible.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: Female

Target Recruitment: 15

Inclusion Criteria

Ambulatory postmenopausal women
Received denosumab and completed study 20050179 (NCT00293813), completed study 20050141 (NCT00330460), completed study 20060237 (NCT00515463), completed study 20030216 (NCT00089791) but did not enroll in study 20060289 (NCT00523341). Patients who will participate in the off-treatment imaging study for 20080747 (NCT00890981) also are eligible.
Completed participation in eligible studies ≥ 12 and ≤ 36 months prior to screening
Provide signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

Did not receive denosumab in studies 20050141, 20060237, 20030216, or 20050179.
Discontinued investigational product before end of study visit for studies 20050141, 20060237, 20030216, or 20050179.
Received > 1 month osteoporosis treatment since having completed studies 20050141, 20060237, 20030216, or 20050179.
Received zoledronic acid at any time after ending study participation in parent studies 20050141, 20050179, 20030216, or 20060237.
Newly diagnosed with any of the following conditions during the intervening period since completing studies 20050141, 20060237, 20030216, or 20050179:
Hyperthyroidism (stable on anti-thyroid therapy or post-ablation is allowed, if the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is within the normal range)
Hypothyroidism (stable on thyroid replacement therapy is allowed, if the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone is within the normal range)
Hyper- or hypoparathyroidism
Osteomalacia
Paget's disease of bone
Other bone diseases which affect bone metabolism (eg, osteopetrosis, osteogenesis imperfecta)
Malignancy within the last 5 years (except cervical carcinoma in situ or basal cell carcinoma).
Self-reported alcohol or drug abuse within the previous 12 months.
Permanently non-ambulatory subjects (use of assistive device eg cane, walker is permitted).
Has known or suspected sensitivity or contraindication to tetracycline derivatives.
Received any investigational product other than denosumab.
Current use of the following osteoporosis agents: bisphosphonates, calcitonin, fluoride, parathyroid hormone analogue, selective estrogen receptor modulators, systemic oral or transdermal estrogen (except vaginal preparations and estrogen creams which are acceptable), strontium or tibolone.
Has undergone bilateral transiliac crest bone biopsy in the past.
Current use of medications that, in the opinion of the investigator, cannot be discontinued and may compromise the safety of the subject when undergoing the bone biopsy procedure (eg, aspirin, warfarin, high-dose heparin).
Current use of systemic glucocorticoid therapy (topical or nasal steroids are permitted).
Evidence of coagulopathy that in the opinion of the investigator, may compromise patient safety when subjected to the bone biopsy procedure.
Any disorder that, in the opinion of the investigator, may compromise the ability of the participant to give written informed consent and/or comply with study procedures.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Previous denosumab	Previous denosumab	Participants who had previously received denosumab received a transiliac crest bone biopsy performed following standard labeling procedures with tetracycline or tetracycline derivative.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants With Normal/Abnormal Bone Histology	25-34 days post-Day 1	The number of participants with normal/abnormal bone histology as assessed by bone biopsy samples at the central histomorphometric facility. Normal bone histology is characterized by: - normal lamellar bone, - normal mineralization or - osteoid (the organic matrix of bone; young bone that has not undergone calcification). Biopsies with abnormal bone histology are characterized by: - osteomalacia, - marrow fibrosis, - clinically significant marrow abnormality or - woven bone.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Bone Histomorphometry: Surface Density	25-34 days post-Day 1	Surface density is calculated by total bone (trabecular) surfaces / total tissue volume.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoblast - Osteoid Interface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoblast - osteoid interface is calculated as osteoblast surface / osteoid surface \* 100.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoid Surface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoid surface is expressed as a percentage total bone surface.
Bone Histomorphometry: Cortical Width	25-34 days post-Day 1	Cortical width correlates with dual photon absorptiometric (DPX) measurements of bone density.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoclast Number - Surface Based	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoclast number expressed per bone surface area. Osteoclast number was measured using fluorochrome labeling with tetracyclene and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain (TRAP) staining techniques.
Bone Histomorphometry: Trabecular Separation	25-34 days post-Day 1	Trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) is the mean distance in mm between trabeculae (measured by integrated computer graphics). Tb.Sp increases with trabecular bone loss.
Bone Histomorphometry: Double-label Surface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Double-label surface is expressed as a percentage of total bone surface. The presence of double labels indicates that normal bone mineralization was actively occurring over the labeling interval.
Bone Histomorphometry: Cancellous Bone Volume	25-34 days post-Day 1	Cancellous (trabecular) bone volume (Tb.V) is the relative volume of total cancellous bone measured (TV), expressed as percentage, that is occupied by trabeculae. Cancellous bone volume was measured using Fluorochrome labeling with tetracyclene and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain (TRAP) staining techniques.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoid Volume	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoid volume is expressed as a percentage of total bone volume.
Bone Histomorphometry: Mineralization Lag Time	25-34 days post-Day 1	The mineralization lag time is the time interval between osteoid secretion and its subsequent mineralization, in days.
Bone Histomorphometry: Trabecular Thickness	25-34 days post-Day 1	Mean trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) is a measure of trabecular structure and is calculated as the reciprocal of total bone (trabecular) surfaces. Tb.Th is reduced by aging and osteoporosis.
Bone Histomorphometry: Trabecular Number	25-34 days post-Day 1	Trabecular number (Tb.N) is the number of trabeculae present per lineal mm and is calculated as trabecular bone volume/trabecular thickness. Tb.N is a measure of trabecular connectivity and decreases with bone loss.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoid Width	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoid thickness (width; O.Th) is the mean thickness of osteoid seams on cancellous surfaces. O.Th is normally \<12.5 µm. Increased O.Th suggests abnormal mineralization (osteomalacia).
Bone Histomorphometry: Wall Thickness	25-34 days post-Day 1	Wall thickness is the average thickness of trabecular bone structural units (BSU) and is used to assess the overall balance between resorption and formation.
Bone Histomorphometry: Eroded Surface/Bone Surface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Eroded surface is expressed as a percentage of total bone surface.
Bone Histomorphometry: Osteoclast Number - Length Based	25-34 days post-Day 1	Osteoclast number expressed per mm of bone. Osteoclast number was measured using fluorochrome labeling with tetracyclene and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase stain (TRAP) staining techniques.
Bone Histomorphometry: Single-label Surface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Single-label surface is expressed as a percentage of total bone surface. The presence of a single label indicates that mineralization was occurring during only one labeling period.
Bone Histomorphometry: Total Mineralizing Surface	25-34 days post-Day 1	Total mineralizing surfaces (MS) include all double and half of single-labeled surfaces. MS is expressed as a percentage of total bone surface.
Bone Histomorphometry: Mineral Apposition Rate	25-34 days post-Day 1	The mineral apposition rate (MAR) is the avarage rate at which new bone mineral is being added on any actively forming surface. MAR is calculated as the average distance between visible labels, divided by the labeling interval.
Bone Histomorphometry: Adjusted Mineral Apposition Rate	25-34 days post-Day 1	The mineral apposition rate (MAR) is the avarage rate at which new bone mineral is being added on any actively forming surface. Adjusted MAR is calculated as: (average distance between visible labels / labeling interval) \* (total mineralizing surface/total bone surface).
Bone Histomorphometry: Bone Formation Rate - Surface Based	25-34 days post-Day 1	Bone formation rate - surface based (BFR/BS) is the calculated rate at which cancellous bone surface is being replaced annually. BFR/BS is derived from the Mineral Appositional Rate \* 365 \* (relative mineralizing surface /total bone surface).
Bone Histomorphometry: Bone Formation Rate - Volume Based	25-34 days post-Day 1	Bone formation rate - volume based (BFR/BV) is the calculated rate at which cancellous bone volume is being replaced annually. BFR/BV is derived from the Mineral Appositional Rate \* 365 \* (relative mineralizing surface / total bone volume).
Bone Histomorphometry: Formation Period	25-34 days post-Day 1	The formation period is the duration of an interval when a place on the bone surface is actively forming bone. The formation period is calculated as the wall width (thickness of new bone made in one cycle) divided by the mineral apposition rate.
Bone Histomorphometry: Activation Frequency	25-34 days post-Day 1	The average time that it takes for a new remodeling cycle to begin on any point on a cancellous surface is called the activation frequency (Ac.f). Activation frequency is calculated as the bone formation rate / wall width.
C-Telopeptide (CTX-1)	Day 3 or Day 20	C-Telopeptide is a biochemical marker for bone turnover. Blood samples were drawn for assessment of CTX-1 levels on either Day 3 or Day 20, within 24 hours of the last dose of the respective tetracycline cycle.
Procollagen Type 1 N-terminal Peptide (P1NP)	Day 3 or Day 20	Procollagen Type 1 N-terminal Peptide is a biochemical marker of bone turnover. Blood samples were drawn for assessment of P1NP levels on either Day 3 or Day 20, within 24 hours of the last dose of the respective tetracycline cycle.