Integrating Cancer Control Referrals and Navigators Into United Way 211 Missouri
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 4,762
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Use of cancer screening and preventive services
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The proposed study will:
- estimate the prevalence of need for cancer screening and prevention in a population of 211 callers;
- determine whether cancer communication interventions delivered through 211 can increase use of breast, cervical and colon cancer screening, HPV vaccination, smoking cessation and adoption of smoke free home policies;
- determine how intensive an intervention is needed to bring about these changes; and
- determine whether the effectiveness of these interventions is enhanced when callers' basic needs have been addressed. Connecting these systems - 211, clinical and community cancer control programs and navigation services - should benefit disadvantaged Americans. The proposed study will evaluate the effects of this approach to eliminating cancer disparities.
We hypothesize that the proportion of 211 callers who obtain a needed cancer control service will:
- differ significantly by study group as follows: N > T > P > CONTROL;
- vary significantly across study groups based on the intervention dose callers receive; and
- vary significantly across study groups based on whether callers' original need was resolved, the extent of their basic needs, and their perception of life as manageable and predictable (i.e., sense of coherence).
(Dissemination Aim): Determine costs to 211 and effects on quality of service by offering cancer control referrals.
Detailed Description
For Americans living in poverty, cancer prevention and screening is a lower priority than meeting basic needs. When basic needs are addressed, the likelihood of engaging in these preventive behaviors increases. Strategies to eliminate cancer disparities in disadvantaged populations must recognize and address this fundamental challenge. We propose the first-ever cancer communication research partnership with United Way 2-1-1, a telephone information and referral system reaching millions of low-income and minority Americans every year and connecting them to locally available resources that can meet their basic needs. By proactively linking these callers to evidence-based cancer control services available for free in their community, cancer disparities could be reduced.
The proposed study will:
- estimate the prevalence of need for cancer screening and prevention in a population of 211 callers;
- determine whether cancer communication interventions delivered through 211 can increase use of breast, cervical and colon cancer screening, HPV vaccination, smoking cessation and adoption of smoke free home policies;
- determine how intensive an intervention is needed to bring about these changes; and
- determine whether the effectiveness of these interventions is enhanced when callers' basic needs have been addressed. Connecting these systems - 211, clinical and community cancer control programs and navigation services - should benefit disadvantaged Americans. The proposed study will evaluate the effects of this approach to eliminating cancer disparities.
Objectives:
Study group assignment -- By random assignment they will then receive either:
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •18 years of age or older
- •caller to 211 who was randomly allocated to one of two study-specific information specialists
- •resident of Missouri
- •calling for unmet needs for self
Exclusion Criteria
- •calling on behalf of client or other person
Arms & Interventions
Phone Referral
Participants receive phone referral to cancer control and prevention services.
Intervention: Phone Referral (Behavioral)
Tailored Cancer Communication
Participants will receive phone referral to cancer control and prevention services as well as tailored materials in the mail.
Intervention: Phone Referral (Behavioral)
Tailored Cancer Communication
Participants will receive phone referral to cancer control and prevention services as well as tailored materials in the mail.
Intervention: Tailored Cancer Communication (Behavioral)
Cancer Control Navigator
Participants will receive phone referral to cancer control and prevention services as well as a personal cancer control navigator.
Intervention: Phone Referral (Behavioral)
Cancer Control Navigator
Participants will receive phone referral to cancer control and prevention services as well as a personal cancer control navigator.
Intervention: Cancer Control Navigator (Behavioral)
Control
Participants receive only recommendation to talk to health care professional.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Use of cancer screening and preventive services
Time Frame: 0ne and four months post-intervention
Secondary Outcomes
- Resolution of a caller's original problem(One month post-intervention)
- Degree of unmet basic needs(One and four months post-intervention)
- Sense of coherence(One and four months post-intervention)