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Perineal Massage and Warm Compresses - RCT for Reduce Perineal Trauma During Labor

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Perineal Tear Resulting From Childbirth
Registration Number
NCT05854888
Lead Sponsor
Universidade do Porto
Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a combined perineal massage and warm compresses intervention on the perineum integrity during second stage of labor.

Detailed Description

A single-centre, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Eligibility and informed consent to participate were checked once the woman was in established labor. Eligible participants were randomized at the second stage of labor. The trial intervention took place during the second stage of the spontaneous vaginal birth. Participants were randomized to one of the two groups, perineal massage and warm compresses on second stage of labor or control group (hands-on).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
800
Inclusion Criteria
  • Women with 18 years or older
  • Between 37 and 41 weeks of pregnancy
  • Expected spontaneous vaginal birth
  • Fetus in the cephalic presentation
  • Able to provide informed written consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Multiple pregnancy
  • Meconial amniotic fluid
  • Fetal distress
  • Suspicion of fetal growth restriction
  • Gestational hypertensive disorders

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
First-degree perineal tearup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Skin and vaginal tear

Intact Perineumup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Absence of tissue separation at any site, without vaginal tears or any other degree of perineal trauma)

Second-degree perineal tearup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Skin and muscle tear (posterior compartment)

OASISup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (Third-degree tears (injury of anal sphincter) and Fourth-degree tears (Injury of anal sphincter and the anal canal or rectum) without episiotomy

OASIS + episiotomyup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Third and fourth degree tear with episiotomy

Episiotomyup to 10 minutes after childbirth

without spontaneous perineal trauma or vaginal tears

Episiotomy and second degree tearup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Episiotomy and spontaneous skin and muscle tear

OASIS with/without episiotomyup to 10 minutes after childbirth

with and without episiotomy

Vaginal tearsup to 10 minutes after childbirth

only vaginal tear

Episiotomy and first degree tearup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Episiotomy with spontaneous skin tear

Anterior Compartment tearsup to 10 minutes after childbirth

Without episiotomy or any other degree of perineal trauma

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Admission to Neonatal Intensive Unit Careup to 2 hours after childbirth

Admission to Neonatal Intensive Unit Care

Apgar 5 minutes5 minutes after childbirth

Apgar Score at 5 minutes (0-10) higher scores mean better outcome

Recommend an intervention allocated to a friend24 hours after childbirth

Question about whether women would recommend the intervention they received to a friend

Pelvic Floor Dysfunction symptoms24 hours, 3 months and 6 months after childbirth

Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (0-300) higher scores mean worse outcome

Maternal satisfaction with intervention24 hours after childbirth

Question about maternal satisfaction with intervention

Female Sexual Function Index score24 hours, 3 months and 6 months after childbirth

Female Sexual Function Index score (2-36) higher scores mean better outcome

Maternal Pain24 hours, 3 months and 6 months after childbirth

Numerical Pain score (0-10) higher scores mean worse outcome

Breastfeeding24 hours, 3 months and 6 months after childbirth

Exclusive breastfeeding

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Sílvia Rodrigues

🇵🇹

Braga, Portugal

Sílvia Rodrigues
🇵🇹Braga, Portugal

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