Swimming Immediately After Having a Meal

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Sadness
• Interventions: Other: Swimming immediately after eating

• Registration Number: NCT05401396
• Lead Sponsor: Herlev Hospital

Brief Summary

Many believe that it is unsafe to swim immediately after having a meal and that it is preferable to wait at least 30 minutes. The fear is that swimming can cause stomach cramps and muscle cramps with discomfort and potentially drowning.

With this randomized controlled trial, the aim was to investigate whether there was any hold in this belief and what could potentially happen by swimming with the stomach full immediately after a meal.

Detailed Description

All volunteers will be adults. Participants will receive both oral and written information about the trial prior to giving consent for participation.

Participants will act as their own control over two days. On the first day, participants will be randomized to either swim immediately after they have eaten their usual lunch or 30 minutes after the last bite. They will do the opposite on the second day. The randomization will be done by throwing a dice.

Prior to swimming, participants will fill out the following:

* Visual analogue scale (VAS) about their well-being

* Questionnaire about their mood state

After swimming, participants will fill out the following:

* Visual analogue scale (VAS) about their well-being

* Questionnaire about their mood state

* Adverse events

Prior to swimming and afterwards, the participants' blood pressure, pulse, and blood oxygen levels will be measured.

Sample size: Convenience sample.

Withdrawal and dropout criteria: All participants will be informed that they can withdraw their consent at any point during the trial without having to explain any reasons.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2022-05-25
• Study Start: 2022-05-28
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-05-29
• Study First Posted: 2022-06-02
• Primary Completion: 2022-06-04
• Study Completion: 2022-06-04
• Status Verified: 2023-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-10-25
• Last Update Posted: 2023-10-26

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 27

Inclusion Criteria

• ≥18 years
• Healthy volunteers
• Otherwise, no restriction since each participant acts as their own control

Exclusion Criteria

• Smoking one hour prior to swimming
• Participants who cannot swim

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Swimming immediately after eating	Swimming immediately after eating	Two arms but all participants are performing both the intervention and the comparison.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Occurrence of mortality	During swimming	Any adverse events leading to death

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Swimming time	During swimming	Measured by seconds
Discomfort	During the actual swimming and immediately after swimming is completed	Self-reported assessment of discomfort on a visual analogue scale. Minimum: 0. To Maximum: 100mm. Ranging from no discomfort to the worse imaginable discomfort.
Mood changes	Baseline and immediately after swimming	Measured by the Profile of mood states. A five-point scale indicating the level of affection. Minimum: 1. To Maximum: 5.
Number of patients with any adverse events	During and immediately after swimming is completed	Any adverse events other than already mentioned outcomes

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Center for Perioperative Optimisation, Department of Surgery, Herlev og Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen; 🇩🇰 Herlev, Denmark