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LBH589 and Bevacizumab in Patients With Recurrent High Grade Glioma

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Malignant Glioma
Interventions
Drug: LBH589
Drug: bevacizumab
Registration Number
NCT00859222
Lead Sponsor
Patrick Y. Wen, MD
Brief Summary

The purpose of this research study is to determine the amount of LBH589 that can be given to people safely when LBH589 is given in combination with bevacizumab. LBH589 in combination with bevacizumab is a drug combination that may stop cancer cells from growing abnormally. LBH589 has been used alone in other trials for solid tumor malignancies. Bevacizumab is FDA approved for use in patients with colorectal cancer and has been studied extensively in other types of solid tumors. The combination of LBH589 and bevacizumab has not yet been studied but information from other studies suggests that the combination may help prevent the growth of the participant's tumor.

Detailed Description

Phase I

Primary Objective

• To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of LBH589 in combination with bevacizumab given at 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks in patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM), gliosarcoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma or mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.

Secondary Objective

• To define safety.

Phase II

Primary Objective

• To determine the efficacy of LBH589 in combination with bevacizumab in patients with recurrent GBM or gliosarcoma as measured by 6-month progression-free survival (PFS6).

Secondary Objectives

* To measure overall survival, time-to-tumor progression and objective tumor response.

* To further evaluate safety.

Exploratory Objectives

* To provide preliminary data on the efficacy in patients with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma or mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.

* To explore the relationship of the molecular phenotype of the tumor with survival.

* To investigate correlation of treatment response with laboratory correlates including, plasma angiogenic proteins and perfusion MRI.

Statistical Design

The Phase I study follows a standard 3+3 dose escalation design. Three potential dose levels of oral LBH589 3x per week days 1, 3 and 5 are under evaluation including a starting dose 0 on a weekly schedule as well as dose level 2 and a de-escalation dose level 1 on a weekly schedule. \[Note: The study was amended to revise the starting dose due to concerns for thrombocytopenia with the weekly dosing regimen.\] The DLT observation period is the first 30 days of treatment. For the Phase II study, based on prior research of bevacizumab monotherapy, a PFS6 rate of 35% does not justify further utilization of LBH589 in combination with bevacizumab while a PFS6 rate of 55% is worthy of further study. With 41 GBM eligible participants in the Phase II study, the treatment would be deemed promising if at least 20 GBM participants achieve 6-month progression-free survival. This design has at least 85% power and a 0.07 significance level to predict the difference between the null hypothesis of 35% PFS6 rate and the alternative hypothesis of 55% PFS6 rate. The protocol specifies a planned interim analysis after the first 21 participants have been accrued. If 12 or more of those participants have died or experienced disease progression/ relapse within 6 months of initiating treatment, accrual will be suspended and the data carefully reviewed before proceeding with additional patient accrual. Participants who are removed from active treatment for toxicity prior to reaching 6 months on treatment are not included in this interim analysis. Participants with recurrent GBM enrolled in the phase I study at the maximum tolerated dose (ie, the phase II dose) are eligible for inclusion in the interim analysis.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
51
Inclusion Criteria
  • Provide written informed consent prior to participation in the study and any related procedures being performed.
  • Agreed to and signed an authorization for the release of their protected health information.
  • Must be 18 years of age or older
  • Karnofsky Performance Status 60 or greater
  • Life expectancy of at least 8 weeks
  • Histologic diagnosis of GBM, gliosarcoma, anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO), or anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma (AMO) (Patients are eligible if the original histology was lower-grade glioma)
  • Unequivocal progression by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan. A scan must be performed within 14 days prior to registration and on a steroid dose that has been stable for at least 5 days. (Patients with recurrence who undergo resection and are left without measurable or evaluable disease are eligible.)
  • Patients must have failed prior radiation therapy and must have an interval of greater than or equal to 60 days from the completion of radiation therapy to study entry.
  • Patients must have recovered from the toxic effects of prior therapy. Residual toxicity from any previous treatment must be Grade 1 or less.
  • Sufficient time for recovery from prior therapy: 28 days from any investigational agent, 28 days from prior cytotoxic therapy(except 23 days from prior temozolomide, 14 days from vincristine, 42 days from nitrosoureas, 21 days from procarbazine administration), and 7 days for non-cytotoxic agents.
  • Patients with prior therapy that included interstitial brachytherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery must have confirmation of true progressive disease rather than radiation necrosis based upon positron emission tomography (PET), Thallium scanning, MR spectroscopy or surgical documentation of disease.
  • Subjects who have undergone recent resection of recurrent or progressive tumor will be eligible as long as all of the following conditions apply: a) prior to initiating therapy, 4 weeks must have elapsed since surgery (Subjects must have recovered from surgical-related trauma. Wound healing needs to have occurred.) b) residual disease following resection of recurrent malignant glioma is not mandated for eligibility. To assess the extent of residual disease postoperatively, a MRI or CT should be done at least 4 weeks postoperatively and within 14 days prior to registration.
  • Clinical laboratory tests within 14 days prior to enrollment meeting the criteria listed in the protocol
  • Cardiology assessment: Baseline MUGA or Echocardiogram must demonstrate LVEF 50% or greater
  • Electrocardiogram: A single screening ECG, taken within 14 days of registration, will be performed to assess study eligibility. Patients whose single QTc interval is ≤ 450 msec are eligible. Patients whose QTc interval is > 460 msec are ineligible. If the result is > 450 msec and ≤ 460 msec, two additional ECG readings are to be performed, each one separated by at least 5 minutes; in this case to be eligible, each individual QTc interval must be ≤ 460 msec and the average of the QTc intervals must be ≤ 450 msec.
  • Patient is non-hypertensive or has well-controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure of < 140mm Hg or diastolic pressure < 90 mm Hg).
  • Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test confirmed both at screening and within 48 hours prior to dosing with the study drug
  • Female subjects of childbearing potential and male subjects with female partner of childbearing potential must agree to use a medically accepted method of contraception while receiving protocol-specified medication, and for 3 months after stopping the medication.
  • Subjects must be free of any clinically relevant disease (other than glioma) that would, in the Investigator's opinion, interfere with the conduct of the study or study evaluations.
  • Subjects must be able to adhere to the dosing and visit schedules, and agree to record medication times accurately and consistently in a daily diary.

PHASE I Inclusion Criteria (the following modifications to the general eligibility criteria apply to Phase I patients only):

• Patients may have been treated for any number of prior relapses. Relapse is defined as progression following initial therapy

PHASE II Inclusion Criteria (phase II patients must meet the general eligibility criteria as well as the following):

  • Patients may have had treatment for no more than 2 prior relapses. (The intent therefore is that patients had no more than 3 prior therapies: initial and treatment for 2 relapses.)
  • It is mandatory that 15 unstained paraffin slides or 1 representative tissue block be available from original surgery or definitive surgery or the surgery closest to initiation of this clinical trial.
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Exclusion Criteria

  • Subject has received previous therapy with anti-VEGF targeted agents or with any histone deacetylase inhibitors. (Prior treatment with valproic acid for seizures is allowed but requires a washout of at least 14 days prior to starting LBH589.) Although concomitant use of the following drugs is not allowed on study, previous use is allowed, provided patients meet the following mandatory washout periods:

    i. Drugs w/ risk of causing TdP = 72 hrs; ii. Warfarin = 7 days.

  • History of grade 2 thrombocytopenia or grade 3 neutropenia on any prior regimen.

  • Presence of ≥ grade 2 peripheral neuropathy.

  • Bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy

  • History of intratumoral or peritumoral hemorrhage if deemed significant by the treating physician

  • Treatment with warfarin. (For patients requiring anticoagulation therapy, only therapeutic low molecular weight heparin or factor Xa inhibitors are permitted.)

  • Patients who have received any investigational drug or undergone major surgery < 4 weeks prior to starting study drug or who have not recovered from side effects of such therapy

  • Any significant medical illnesses that in the investigator's opinion cannot be adequately controlled with appropriate therapy or would compromise the patient's ability to tolerate this therapy

  • Patients with any disease that will obscure toxicity or dangerously alter drug metabolism

  • Patients with a history of any other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix), unless in complete remission and has not received treatment for that particular disease for a minimum of 3 years

  • Impaired cardiac function as detailed in the protocol

  • Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure >/= 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >/= 90 mmHg) and/or prior history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy

  • Significant vascular disease within 6 months prior to Day 1

  • History of stroke or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to Day 1

  • Patients with unresolved diarrhea > CTCAE grade 1

  • Patients with INR > 1.5

  • Patients with major surgery or a significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to Day 1

  • Patients with any condition that impairs their ability to swallow and/or absorb pills

  • Concomitant use of drugs with a risk of causing torsades de pointes

  • Concomitant use of CYP3A4 inhibitors during the treatment phase of the study and within 72 hours prior to starting treatment

  • Concomitant use of potent CYP3A4/5 inducers during the treatment phase of the study and within 2 weeks prior to starting treatment

  • Concomitant use of any anti-cancer therapy or radiation therapy, or any other investigational agent

  • Patients has known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) of hepatitis C infection (baseline testing for HIV or hepatitis C is not required)

  • History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to LBH589 or bevacizumab, or their excipients

  • Patient is in a situation or condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with optimal participation in the study

  • Patient has a significant history of non-compliance to medical regimens

  • Core biopsy or other minor surgical procedure, excluding placement of a vascular access device, within 7 days prior to Day 1

  • History of abdominal fistula or gastrointestinal perforation within 6 months prior to Day 1

  • Serious, non-healing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture

  • Proteinuria as demonstrated by a UPC ratio of 1.0 or greater at screening

  • Subject is pregnant or intends to become pregnant during the study

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Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Phase I Cohort 2: Bevacizumab + LBH589 20 mg every other weekbevacizumabPhase I Cohort 2 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and the amended starting LBH589 dose of 20 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase I Cohort 3: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekLBH589Phase I Cohort 3 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
All Phase I ParticipantsLBH589All phase I participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 according to the established dose escalation schedule. Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase I Cohort 1: Bevacizumab +LBH589 20 mg every weekLBH589Phase I Cohort 1 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and the original starting LBH589 dose of 20 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every week (days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase I Cohort 1: Bevacizumab +LBH589 20 mg every weekbevacizumabPhase I Cohort 1 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and the original starting LBH589 dose of 20 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every week (days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase I Cohort 2: Bevacizumab + LBH589 20 mg every other weekLBH589Phase I Cohort 2 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and the amended starting LBH589 dose of 20 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase II GBM: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekLBH589Phase II glioblastoma (GBM) participants received the regimen established in the Phase I study (Feb 2011). Phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase II AG: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekLBH589Phase II Anaplastic Glioma (AG) participants received the regimen established in the Phase I study (Feb 2011). Phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
All Phase II ParticipantsLBH589All phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
All Phase II ParticipantsbevacizumabAll phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
All Phase I ParticipantsbevacizumabAll phase I participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 according to the established dose escalation schedule. Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase I Cohort 3: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekbevacizumabPhase I Cohort 3 participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase II GBM: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekbevacizumabPhase II glioblastoma (GBM) participants received the regimen established in the Phase I study (Feb 2011). Phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Phase II AG: Bevacizumab + LBH589 30 mg every other weekbevacizumabPhase II Anaplastic Glioma (AG) participants received the regimen established in the Phase I study (Feb 2011). Phase II participants received bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle and LBH589 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week (Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19). Participants were treated until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
LBH589 Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) [Phase I]Participants were assessed every 2 weeks while on study; The observation period for MTD evaluation was the first 30 days of treatment.

The MTD LBH589 in combination with bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 15 of each 28 day cycle is determined by the number of patients who experience a dose limiting toxicity (DLT). See subsequent primary outcome measure for the DLT definition. The MTD is defined as the highest dose at which fewer than one-third of patients experience a DLT. If no DLTs are observed, the MTD is not reached but the highest dose received may be the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D). The MTD was not reached with 0 of 6 DLTs observed in the highest dose cohort but due to safety concerns higher doses of LBH589 with bevacizumab were neither planned nor tested. The RP2D was 30 mg/day orally, 3x per week, every other week.

Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) [Phase I]Participants were assessed every 2 weeks while on study; The observation period for DLT evaluation was the first 30 days of treatment.

A DLT was defined as an adverse event that (a) is related to the LBH589 and/or bevacizumab with an attribution of possible, probable, or definite, and (b) occurs during and/or begins during the first 30 days of the study treatment, and (c) meets any of the following criteria: grade 3 thrombocytopenia; grade 4 neutropenia lasting 7 days; grade 4 anemia lasting 7 days despite transfusion or growth factors; febrile neutropenia if ANC\<0.5 x10\^9/L; a QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) of 500-515 msec that did not stabilize to \<480 msec after one week; a second occurrence of QTc 500-515 msec; any QTc \>515 msec; any deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) while on fully therapeutic anticoagulation therapy; Grade 3 proteinuria lasting 14 days; or any other clinically significant Grade 3 toxicity despite maximal medical therapy lasting 7 days, any Grade 4 toxicity despite maximal medical therapy; or any Grade 3 or 4 toxicity resulting in study drug discontinuation.

6-Month Progression-Free Survival (PFS6) [Phase II]Disease was assessed radiographically to document clinical progression every cycle on treatment and post-treatment every 8 weeks up to 12 months. Participants were followed for PFS6 up to 6 months since study entry.

PFS6 is the proportion of patients remaining alive and progression-free at 6-months from study entry. Progressive disease was established based on RANO criteria (Wen et al JCO 2010).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Best Radiographic ResponseDisease was assessed radiographically for response every cycle on treatment. Treatment duration in cycles was a median (range) of 2 (1-6) PI Cohort 1, 4.5 (2-6) PI Cohort 2, 6 (2-10) PI Cohort 3, 5 PII GBM and 7 PII AG.

Radiographic response was established based on Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria (Wen et al JCO 2010) with 5 potential categories: Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR), Stable Disease (SD), Progressive disease (PD) and Unknown status.

Progression-Free Survival (PFS) [Phase II]Disease was assessed radiographically to document clinical progression every cycle on treatment and post-treatment every 8 weeks up to 12 months.

PFS is defined as the time from study entry to the earliest documentation of disease progression or death. Patients alive without evidence of PD were censored at the date of last disease assessment.

Overall Survival [Phase II]Participants were followed long-term for survival every 4 months from the end of treatment until death or lost to follow-up. Phase II participants were followed for OS up to 27 months on this study.

OS is defined as the time from study entry to death or date last known alive.

Trial Locations

Locations (5)

Massachusetts General Hospital

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Northwestern University

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

University of Virginia, Department of Neurology

🇺🇸

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

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