Predicting the Efficacy of Resistance Exercise Training for Improving Endurance Performance
- Conditions
- Elite Cyclists
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Endurance training (habitual)Behavioral: Resistance training
- Registration Number
- NCT04637178
- Lead Sponsor
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
- Brief Summary
The overall objective of the study is to identify molecular determinants of the efficacy of resistance training for improving endruance performance in elite cyclists
- Detailed Description
For elite endurance athletes, the addition of resistance training to habitual endurance training routines generally leads to improved endurance performance. However, this is not always the case, with several individuals failing to respond in the expected manner. This inter-individual variation is likely associated with inherent cellular and molecular charateristics of skeletal muscle. Indeed, responses to resistance training seem to be associated with muscle biological characteristics such as muscle fiber composition and ribosomal content (during the early phase of resistance training).
The study will investigate the association between muscle fibre composition (type I vs type II muscle fiber proportions) / ribosomal content in m. vastus lateralis and the effects of 10 weeks of resistance training on endurance performance in 52 elite cyclists. Half the participants will perform resistance training in addition to their habitual endurance training routines, the other half will perform endurance training-only. Muscle biopsies will be sampled from m. vastus lateralis before and after the first two weeks of the intervention. For muscle fiber composition, the hypothesis is that larger proportions of type II fibers will be associated with more pronounced benefits of resistance training. For ribosomal content, the hypothesis is that higher rRNA content at baseline and larger increases in rRNA content during the initial part of the intervention will be associated with more pronounced benefits of resistance training. No changes are expected in the non-resistance training control group.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 25
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Endurance training Endurance training (habitual) Participants (elite cyclists) will conduct habitual endurance training-only for ten weeks Resistance training added to endurance training Endurance training (habitual) Participants (elite cyclists) will conduct heavy-load resistance training twice a week in addition to their habitual endurance training for ten weeks Resistance training added to endurance training Resistance training Participants (elite cyclists) will conduct heavy-load resistance training twice a week in addition to their habitual endurance training for ten weeks
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Performance during a 15-minute all-out cycling test Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Mean power output measured during a 15-minute all-out cycling test
Performance during a 40-minute all-out cycling test Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Mean power output measured during a 40-minute all-out cycling test
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Total RNA in muscle tissue (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training Total RNA content in m. vastus lateralis (ug per mg tissue)
Myonuclear number (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training Myonuclei per muscle fiber in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
Muscle fiber proportions (before intervention) Before the intervention Muscle fiber proportions in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
Muscle fiber proportions (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training Muscle fiber proportions in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (before intervention) Before the intervention Cross-sectional area of muscle fibres in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
Myonuclear number (before intervention) Before the intervention Myonuclei per muscle fiber in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
rRNA expression (before intervention) Before the intervention rRNA abundances in m. vastus lateralis measured using qPCR
Total RNA in muscle tissue (before intervention) Before the intervention Total RNA content in m. vastus lateralis (ug per mg tissue)
Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training Cross-sectional area of muscle fibres in m. vastus lateralis measured using immunohistochemistry
mRNA expression (before intervention) Before the intervention mRNA abundances in m. vastus lateralis measured using qPCR
Sprint performance Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Mean power output measured during a 10-second all-out cycling sprint
Fractional utilization of VO2max (incremental test) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Fractional utilization of VO2max measured at 4 mmol blood lactate concentrations measured during an incremental cycling exercise test (with 5 minute steps)
Fractional utilization of VO2max (15-minute performance test) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Fractional utilization of VO2max measured during a 15-minute performance test
Blood volume Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Blood volume measured using CO rebreathing
Gross efficiency Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Contribution of total energy turnover to power output in the fresh and fatigued state
Hematocrit Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Hematocrit measured using centrifugation
Maximal oxygen consumption Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Maximal oxygen consumption measured during an incremental cycling exercise test to exhaustion
Maximal aerobic power output Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Maximal aerobic power output measured as mean power output during the last minute of an incremental cycling exercise test to exhaustion
Hemoglobin mass Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Hemoglobin mass measured using CO rebreathing (g)
Red blood cell volume Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Red blood cell volume measured using CO rebreathing
rRNA expression (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training rRNA abundances in m. vastus lateralis measured using qPCR
Maximal concentric force production Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Maximal concentric force production measured using a seated leg press test
mRNA expression (changes after two weeks) Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the initial two weeks of resistance training mRNA abundances in m. vastus lateralis measured using qPCR
Power output at lactate threshold Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Power output at 4 mmol blood lactate concentration measured during an incremental cycling exercise test (with 5 minute steps)
Plasma volume Changes from before the intervention to immediately after the intervention Plasma volume measured using CO rebreathing
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
🇳🇴Lillehammer, Inland Norway, Norway