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Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: Comparison Between Surgical Treatment and Wait and See Approach

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Leukoplakia, Oral
Interventions
Procedure: Surgical excision of the lesion
Other: Wait and see approach
Registration Number
NCT04858100
Lead Sponsor
University of Milan
Brief Summary

This research protocol is comparing the effectiveness of surgical excision to the "wait and see" approach for the management of oral leukoplakia and erythroleukoplakia in prevention of oral squamous cell carcinoma onset.

Detailed Description

Different treatments have been proposed for the management of oral leukoplakia (OL) in order to prevent oral squamous cell carcinoma onset. However, there is still no consensus on the most effective approach for the patients affected by such oral potentially malignant disorders. Surgery is often performed, but there is no randomized clinical trial which demonstrates its real effectiveness in preventing oral cancer onset.

A recent RCT compared surgical treatment with "wait and see approach" care in patients with nondysplastic OL, assuming that regular clinical follow-up could be considered a reliable standard of care among patients with nondysplastic oral leukoplakias.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate effectiveness of surgical excision in treating OL and or reducing the onset of potential oral squamous cell carcinoma, with a follow-up of 5 years. This study will be the first RCT comparing the effectiveness of surgery to "wait and see approach" in the management of both dysplastic and nondysplastic oral leukoplakias.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
310
Inclusion Criteria
  • OL diagnosis should be confirmed by incisional diagnostic biopsy and subsequent histopathological analysis
  • Subjects' age: 18 years or older
  • Lesions' size: 3 cm maximum longitudinal size of the single lesion
  • Lesions's location: oral areas with no surgical risk of damages to important anatomical structures such as nerves, salivary ducts and/or arteries.
  • Ability to understand and to sign a written informed consent document
Exclusion Criteria
  • Previous oral cancer
  • Head and neck radiotherapy
  • Subjects under the age of 18
  • Subjects affected by PVL (proliferative verrucous leukoplakia)
  • High-risk of surgical damages to anatomical structures such as nerves, salivary ducts and/or arteries

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
SurgerySurgical excision of the lesionEach patient will receive the surgical excision of the lesion and subsequent follow-up
Wait and seeWait and see approachEach patient will receive clinical follow-up of the lesion with periodical incisional tissue biopsy.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Oral cancer incidenceevery 3 or 6 months (according to the clinical case) up to 5 years

Number of patients who will develop oral squamous cell carcinoma

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time to malignant transformation from diagnosisevery 3 or 6 months (according to clinical case) up to 5 years

Period of time required to develop malignancy

Quality of life after surgical excisionmonth 1 and month 6

To evaluate the quality of life of patients affected by leukoplakia and treated with surgical excision, via Functional Intraoral Glasgow Scale (FIGS) questionnaire. FIGS is a simple point scale used to assess a patient's ability to speak, chew and swallow. Each of these functions is scored independently on a scale of 1-5, five being no disability and one meaning the patient has an inability to speak, chew, or swallow.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Università degli Studi di Torino Dental School

🇮🇹

Turin, TO, Italy

University of Milan

🇮🇹

Milan, Italy

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