Effectiveness of a Combination of Three-dimensional Virtual Reality and Hands-on Aromatherapy in Improving Institutionalized Older Adults' Psychological Health
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 48
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Happiness
Study Overview
Brief Summary
A quasi-experimental trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in promoting happiness, perceived stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction among institutionalized older adults in Taiwan.
Detailed Description
Background: In Taiwan, which has one of the most rapidly aging populations in the world, it is becoming increasingly critical to promote successful aging strategies that are effective, easily usable, and acceptable to institutionalized older adults. Although many practitioners and professionals have explored aromatherapy and identified its positive psychological benefits, the effectiveness of a combination of 3D virtual reality and hands-on aromatherapy remains unknown.
Objectives: A quasi-experimental trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in promoting happiness, perceived stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction among institutionalized older adults in Taiwan.
Methods: Sixty institutionalized elderly participants underwent the combination program or were in a control group. Weekly two-hour sessions were implemented for 9 weeks. The outcome variables were happiness perceived, stress, sleep quality, experience on meditation, and life satisfaction, which were assessed at baseline, and after the intervention.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Non Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Other
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •An ability to understand verbal instructions
- •An ability to provide simple responses
- •An ability to operate a joystick freely with at least one hand
Exclusion Criteria
- •A history of severe psychiatric conditions;
- •Significant visual or hearing impairment;
- •Marked upper motor difficulties that could affect the participants' ability to participate in the study
- •Currently suffering from severe illnesses, e.g., stroke and Parkinson disease.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Happiness
Time Frame: nine weeks
The Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) was used to measure happiness. The OHI consists of 29 items, Each item was scored on a Likert-type scale of 1-4, with higher scores indicating a higher level of happiness.
Experience on meditation
Time Frame: nine weeks
A shortened version of the 10-item Experience on meditation (EOM-EL). Each item was scored on a Likert-type scale of 1-5, with higher scores indicating a higher level of experience on meditation.
Sleep quality
Time Frame: nine weeks
The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was consists of 14 items. Each item was scored on a Likert-type scale that ranged from 1 to 4, with higher scores indicating a lower level of sleep quality.
Perceived stress
Time Frame: nine week
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) consists of 14 items. Each item was scored on a Likert-type scale that ranged from 0 (never) to four (very often). With higher scores indicating a higher level of stress.
Life satisfaction
Time Frame: nine weeks
This scale is a short-form version containing 10 items from the 20-item Life Satisfaction Index A (LSIA). The response options for scoring were 0 indicating "Disagree" and 1 indicating "Agree". The total raw scores ranged from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating a higher level of life satisfaction.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported