Body Composition in Preschool Children

Completed

• Conditions: Wasting; Obesity

• Registration Number: NCT01920724
• Lead Sponsor: Mahidol University

Brief Summary

Thailand has been facing with the double burden of malnutrition. Many studies in Thailand, which aim to explore the situation, causes, and strategies to prevent obesity, have focused on adults, adolescents, or school-aged children. Few studies have been conducted in preschool children. Obesity or stunting during childhood increases the risk of being obesity in adulthood and leads to chronic diseases. If obesity is established in adulthood, it is difficult to reduce the excess weight. Thus, the prevention of obesity or stunting in young children should be highly considered. Study of dietary pattern and reliable field methods to measure fat mass (FM) in children may partly contribute to primary prevention of childhood obesity. The deuterium dilution technique is an accurate and suitable method for children and population-based studies. However, it has not been widely used in children in Thailand. Hence, this study aimed to utilize the deuterium dilution technique for assessing body composition and to determine the quality and quantity of dietary intake among children 3-5 years of age with different nutritional status. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 15 daycare centers in Nakhon Pathom and Samut Prakarn provinces. 120 preschoolers were purposively selected according to their nutritional status: stunted, thin, normal, and overweight/obese. Anthropometric measurements were conducted. Body composition was determined based on total body water using deuterium dilution technique. Dietary intake data were obtained using 2-day 24 hr recall.We hypothesized that stunted and obese children will have more fat mass compared to the normal children.

Detailed Description

Body composition of the children was assessed using the deuterium technique. Total body water (TBW) content was calculated. Then, fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) was calculated.

Weight and height of all children were using a standard technique. Body mass index and nutritional status was calculated using World Health Organization (WHO) growth standard for children 0-5 years.

Dietary intake of children was assessed using 2 non-consecutive 24 hour dietary recalls. The 1st and 2nd recall was about 2 weeks apart. Nutrient intake was calculated using the INMUCAL-Nutrients WD. 4.0 (Institute of Nutrition, 2010).

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2010-11
• Primary Completion: 2012-07
• Study Completion: 2012-07
• Study First Submitted: 2013-07-13
• Study First Submitted QC: 2013-08-08
• Study First Posted: 2013-08-12
• Status Verified: 2023-02
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-02-02
• Last Update Posted: 2023-02-03

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 137

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy children
• Aged 3-5 years
• BMI or HAZ fall in the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria

• Chronic diseases
• Ongoing medical treatments likely to affect body composition
• Malformation or muscle diseases

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Body composition	4 months	Body fatness

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Nutrient intake	4 months	24 hr recall was perform on a weekend day and a weekday day and nutrient intake was calculated.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University; 🇹🇭 Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand