How Effective is the Plyometric-based Hydro-kinesio Therapy for Pain, Muscle Strength, Postural Control, and Functional Performance in Children With Hemophilic Knee Arthropathy?
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Cairo University
- Enrollment
- 48
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Postural control
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This study was designed to assess the effect of an 8-week plyometric-based hydro-kinesio therapy (Plyo-HKT) on pain, muscle strength, postural control, and functional performance in a convenience sample of children with hemophilic knee arthropathy (HKA). Forty-eight patients with HKA were randomly allocated to the Plyo-HKT group (n = 24, received the plyometric-based hydro-kinesio therapy program, twice/week, over 8 weeks) or the control group (n = 24, received standard exercise program). Both groups were assessed for pain, muscle strength, postural control, and functional performance pre and post-treatment.
Detailed Description
Forty-eight boys with moderate hemophilia-A were recruited from the hematology clinics of three large referral hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study included patients who were 8-16 years old, had factor VIII replacement prophylaxis, were clinically-stable cases, had unilateral knee hemarthrosis, had grade II or III knee arthropathy, had muscle strength of grade three, and if they were able to walk independently. Patients who had enduring disabling pain, fixed deformities, a history of musculoskeletal surgery, visual and/or vestibular deficits, or bleeding episodes within two weeks before enrollment were excluded.
Outcome measures
Pain: Pain during rest and/or movement was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale.
Muscle strength: The peak concentric torque of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles was measured through an Isokinetic Dynamometer.
Postural control: The directional dynamic limit of stability (forward, backward, affected, and non-affected) and overall limit of stability were assessed using the Biodex balance system.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking Description
This was a single-blind protocol. The researcher who collected the data was blinded to the treatment allocation.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 8 Years to 16 Years (Child)
- Sex
- Male
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Eight and 16 years.
- •Had factor VIII replacement prophylaxis.
- •Clinically-stable.
- •Unilateral knee involvement.
- •Knee arthropathy of grade II or III per the Arnold-Hilgartner radiographic classification.
- •Muscle strength of grade 3 in lower limb muscles.
- •Use of no pain medication for one month prior to enrollment.
- •Walking independently.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Enduring disabling pain
- •Fixed deformities.
- •History of musculoskeletal surgery.
- •Visual or vestibular deficits.
- •Engagement in regular exercises.
- •Bleeding episodes within two weeks prior to enrolment.
Arms & Interventions
Plyo-HKT group
Participants in this group received the Plyo-HKT program
Intervention: Plyometric-based hydro-kinesio therapy (Other)
Control group
Participants in this group received the standard exercise program.
Intervention: Standard exercise therapy (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Postural control
Time Frame: 2 months
The capacity to control and move the center of gravity in various directions across the base of support was assessed utilizing the Biodex balance system. Values are expressed as accuracy % and higher scores mean better balance capability.
Pain intensity
Time Frame: 2 months
Participants reported how much they feel pain during rest and/or movement on the 0-10 Numerical Pain Rating Scale, where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 indicates the "worst possible pain".
Muscle strength
Time Frame: 2 months
Indicated by the peak concentric torque of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles (Nm). It was measured using an Isokinetic Dynamometer.
Secondary Outcomes
- Functional independence(2 months)
- Six-minute walk test(2 months)
Investigators
Ragab Kamal Elnaggar
Associate Professor
Cairo University