Thyme Honey Mouthwash in Management of Periodontitis in Renal Patients on Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Periodontal diseases can be seen in up to 90% of the global population, making it the most common oral disease. In the United States alone, cross-sectional studies show that approximately 50% of adults currently have some form of gingivitis, and up to 80% have experienced some form of periodontal disease in their life. Certain groups have been shown to have an increased incidence of periodontal diseases.

There is a known correlation between oral health and systemic disease . Particularly significant evidences associate periodontal bacteria and tooth loss to systemic disorders and specifically to cardiovascular disease, such as high BP. Furthermore, a correlation between periodontal disease and hypertension has been recently reported.

ESRD and the medications used by those patients create complications in a variety of systems and organs, which frequently worsens or causes new pathologies in the oral cavity, such as caries, periodontal disease, and different mucosal lesions.

The emergence of a chronic systemic inflammatory disease in people with ESRD is a common occurrence. The reasons of this inflammation are most likely multifaceted and complex. A number of illnesses and comorbidities have been identified as potential influencers of an increase in the inflammatory state.

The accelerated periodontal disease with pocket formation, gingival recession, and bone and tooth loss is due not only to inadequate oral hygiene and inflammatory disease burden but also to renal osteodystrophy, high urea concentration, salivary changes in composition and the host factors related to the underlying systemic disease that modify the host response to periodontal infection.