The Effect of Black Soybeans Koji Product Supplementation on Nutrients Absorption and Anti-aging Effect in Elderly

Urine bilirubin (dipstick) analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes bilirubin (-/+).

Triglyceride analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of triglyceride(mg/dL).

Visceral fat area(VFA)

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure Visceral fat area(VFA) (cm2).

Muscle mas

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure whole body and appendicular skeletal muscle mass.

Gut Microbiota -derived Metabolite Analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measurements of short-chain fatty acids in feces during the experiment by using gas chromatography.

Inflammatory Cytokines IL-1β Analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

The inflammation-associated serum cytokines IL-1β (BioLegend, City, State, USA) was analyzed using colorimetric kits (Company, Location). Thioredoxin (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA702Hu, City, State, USA) and Complement Component 5a (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA388Hu) in the urine was evaluated for the effects of inflammation states and also assessed using colorimetric kits. The procedures followed the kit instructions and were measured using an ELISA reader (Bio Tek, PowerWave XS2, City, State, USA).

HbA1C analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of HbA1C(%).

Fasting blood glucose analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of fasting blood glucose(mg/dL).

Physical examination-Height

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' height. The height measurement method is to measure after you take off your shoes and step on the machine.

Physical examination- Body weight

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' body weight. The body weight measurement method is to measure after you take off your shoes and step on the weight machine.

Physical examination - calf circumference

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' calf circumference. The measurement method of the calf circumference should be the same as the shoulder width and place the tape measure at the thickest part of the calf with a horizontal line around it for measurement.

Muscle Strength - Hand Grip Strength

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Using hand grips to measure hand grip strength.

Physical Performance - Walking Speed

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measuring participants' speed to walk 5 ft.

Red blood cells analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of red blood cells( M/ul)

MCHC(g/dL) analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of MCHC(g/dL)

Hematocrit analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of Hematocrit(%).

AST analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of AST(U/L).

GGT analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of GGT(U/L).

BIA - Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR)

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) (kcal) .

Bone Mineral Content

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure Bone Mineral Content (kg).

Inflammatory Cytokines TNF-α Analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

The inflammation-associated serum cytokines TNF-α was analyzed using colorimetric kits (Company, Location). Thioredoxin (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA702Hu, City, State, USA) and Complement Component 5a (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA388Hu) in the urine was evaluated for the effects of inflammation states and also assessed using colorimetric kits. The procedures followed the kit instructions and were measured using an ELISA reader (Bio Tek, PowerWave XS2, City, State, USA).

Inflammatory Cytokines IL-6 Analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

The inflammation-associated serum cytokines IL-6 was analyzed using colorimetric kits (Company, Location). Thioredoxin (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA702Hu, City, State, USA) and Complement Component 5a (Cloud-Clone Corp, SEA388Hu) in the urine was evaluated for the effects of inflammation states and also assessed using colorimetric kits. The procedures followed the kit instructions and were measured using an ELISA reader (Bio Tek, PowerWave XS2, City, State, USA).

Hemoglobin analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of Hemoglobin(g/dL).

Albumin analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of albumin(g/dL).

Body mass index

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure body mass index (BMI).

Fat mass

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test).

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure fat mass.

whole body Mineral

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure Mineral (kg) in whole body. .

Cellular Water

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure Participants' detected body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a non-invasive test instrument to measure whole body Extracellular Water (L), Intracellular Water(L), and Total Body Water (L), et al. .

RDW-CV analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of RDW-CV(%).

MCH analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of MCH(pg).

ALT analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of ALT(U/L).

T-Cholesterol analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of T-Cholesterol(mg/dL).

LDL-C analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of LDL-C(mg/dL).

Creatinine analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of creatinine(mg/dL).

Ca analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of Ca(mmol/dL).

Urine pH analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes pH.

Gut Microbiota Composition Analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Total genome DNA from samples was extracted from stool samples using the CTAB/SDS method. One hundred ng of DNA was amplified with barcoded primers16S V3+V4: 314F-806R annealing to the V3-V4region of the 16S rRNA. All of the PCR reactions were carried out using a Phusion® High-Fidelity PCR Master Mix (New England Biolabs, Location). Samples with a bright main strip between 400 and 450bp were selected from 2% agarose gel for further experiments. Mixture PCR products were purified using a Qiagen Gel Extraction Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Libraries were generated with the TruSeq® DNA PCR-Free Sample Preparation Kit and quantified with Qubit and Q-PCR. The purified DNA was then sequenced using the HiSeq2500 PE250 (Company, Location).

MCV analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of MCV(fL).

Platelets analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of Platelets(k/uL).

WBC analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of WBC(k/uL) .

HDL-C analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of HDL-C(mg/dL).

eGFR analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of 【eGFR (mL/min/1.73\^2)】

Urine Urea Nitrogen analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Urine Urea Nitrogen(-/+).

Physical examination - arm circumference

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' arm circumference. The measurement method of the arm circumference is the circumference of the upper arm and is measured at the mid-point between the tips of the shoulder and elbow. .

BUN analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of BUN(mg/dL).

hs-CRP analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of hs-CRP(mg/dL).

Free T4 analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of 【Free T4(ng/dL)】

HOMA-IR analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of 【 HOMA-IR】

specific gravity index analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes specific gravity index (USG).

Urine total protein analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Total protein (mg/dL).

Urine glucose analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes glucose (-/+).

Urine ketones analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes ketones(-/+).

Urine Creatinine analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Creatinine(mg/dL).

Urine WBC esterase analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes WBC esterase(-/+).

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) Oxidative stress assessment

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Oxidative stress assessment to assess Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum was measured by the ELISA kit.

Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) Oxidative stress assessment

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Oxidative stress assessment to assess Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in serum was measured by the ELISA kit..

Catalase Oxidative stress assessment

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Oxidative stress assessment to assess Catalase in serum was measured by the ELISA kit..

Uric acid analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of Uric acid(mg/dL).

hsTSH analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of 【hsTSH(ulU/dL)】

Insulin analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Use the Clinical Chemistry Analyzer to detection of 【 insulin(uU/dL)】

Urine Albumin analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Albumin(mg/L).

Urine Albumin/Creatinine analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Albumin/Creatinine(mg/g).

Urine Nitrite (dipstick) analysis

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Fasting for 8 hours, collecting 10ml urine. Routine urine analysis which includes Nitrite(-/+).

Physical examination - waist circumference

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' waist circumference. The waist measurement method is to use a tape measure to measure the waist circumference above the human hips.

Physical examination - hip circumference

Time Frame: Change from baseline outcome measure at 10th week (post-test)

Measure participants' hip circumference. The hip measurement method is to use a tape measure to measure the maximum hip diameter.