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Raltegravir Versus Efavirenz in Naive HIV-1-infected Patients Receiving Rifampin for Active Tuberculosis

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
HIV-1 Infection
Tuberculosis
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT02273765
Lead Sponsor
ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases
Brief Summary

Phase III trial evaluating raltegravir as an alternative to efavirenz for antiretroviral treatment of HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis.

Detailed Description

Phase III multicenter, international, open-label, randomized trial evaluating non-inferiority of raltegravir at dose of 400mg BID compared to efavirenz 600mg QD, both in association with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine in ART-naïve HIV-1 infected patients with active TB disease receiving a rifampin-based TB treatment initiated \<8 weeks before inclusion. Patients will be randomized between 2 arms: the raltegravir (RAL) 400 mg bid arm or the efavirenz (EFV) 600 mg qd arm, each in combination with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (3TC) and will be followed for 48 weeks after entry in the trial (ART initiation).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
460
Inclusion Criteria
  • Signed informed consent form

  • Aged 18 years or more

  • Confirmed HIV-1 infection as documented at any time prior to trial entry per national HIV testing procedures

  • ART naïve

  • For women of childbearing potential i.e. women of childbearing age who are not menopausal, or permanently sterilized (e.g. tubal occlusion, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy) or not refraining from sexual activity: negative urinary test for pregnancy and acceptance to use contraceptive methods

  • Confirmed or probable active TB disease of any location, except neurological (meningitis or encephalitis), according to the following criteria based on WHO updated definitions:

    • Bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB (PTB) or extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), e.g. TB with a biological specimen positive by smear microscopy, culture or nucleic acid amplification test (such as Xpert MTB/RIF).
    • Clinically diagnosed PTB or EPTB with typical histological evidence of TB (caseous or granulomatous) on biopsy specimen or positive urinary LAM test OR a significant improvement on TB treatment
  • Ongoing standard rifampin-containing TB treatment for ≤8 weeks at inclusion

  • For French patients, affiliation to a Social Security program

Exclusion Criteria
  • HIV-2 co-infection

  • Impaired hepatic function (icterus or ALT (SGPT) > 5ULN)

  • Hemoglobin < 6.5 g/dl

  • Creatinine clearance <60ml/min (assessed by the Cockroft and Gault formula)

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain resistant to rifampin (current or past history).

  • Neurological TB (meningitis or encephalitis)

  • Severe associated diseases requiring specific treatment (including all specific AIDS defining illnesses other than TB, and any severe sepsis)

  • Any condition which might, in the investigator's opinion, compromise the safety of treatment and/or patient's adherence to trial procedures including very severe TB-related clinical condition

  • Concomitant treatments including phenytoin or phenobarbital (compounds interacting with UGT1A1)

  • For HCV co-infected patients, need to start specific treatment for hepatitis during the trial duration

  • For women of childbearing potential:

    • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
    • Refusal to use a contraceptive method
    • Any history of ARV intake for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (pMTCT)
  • Subjects participating in another clinical trial evaluating therapies and including an exclusion period that is still in force during the screening phase

  • Person under guardianship, or deprived of freedom by a judicial or administrative decision

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
RaltegravirTenofovir + lamivudine + raltegravirTenofovir 300mg QD + lamivudine 300mg QD + raltegravir 400mg BID
EfavirenzTenofovir + lamivudine + efavirenzTenofovir 300mg QD + lamivudine 300mg QD + efavirenz 600mg QD
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Proportion of patients in virologic successWeek 48

Virologic success, defined as plasma HIV-1 RNA \<50 copies/mL, at week 48 with a window period of 42 to 54 weeks (snapshot algorithm). Discontinuation of the strategy (ie. permanent discontinuation of EFV, RAL), missing values, loss to follow-up and death will be considered as failure.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Frequency of tuberculosis treatment outcomesWeek 48
Change in plasma HIV-1 RNA from baseline to week 48Week 48
Frequency and time to new antiretroviral genotypic resistance in plasma RNA in patients with virologic failureWeek 48
Time to deathWeek 48
Frequency, type and time to grade 3 or 4 adverse eventsWeek 48
Time to virologic failure during follow-upWeek 48
Change in CD4 cell counts from baseline to week 48Week 48
Frequency, type and time to Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory SyndromeWeek 48
Frequency, type and time to new or recurrent AIDS-defining illnessesWeek 48
Frequency, type and time to drug-induced clinical or biological adverse reactions of grade 3 or 4 or leading to treatment interruptionWeek 48
Frequency, type and time to severe HIV-associated non-AIDS defining illnessesWeek 48
Proportion of patients in virologic success at each time point (HIV-1 RNA<50 copies/mL)Week 48

Trial Locations

Locations (5)

PACCI / CePReF Centre de Prise en charge de Recherche et de Formation

🇨🇮

Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire

Instituto Nacional de Saude / Hospital Geral de Machava

🇲🇿

Maputo, Mozambique

Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS - IPEC/FIOCRUZ

🇧🇷

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Hôpital Saint Louis

🇫🇷

Paris, France

Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital

🇻🇳

Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

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