Reducing Aerosol And Bioaerosol Using Different Oral Suctions In Dental Clinic, Randomized Clinical Trial

Aerosols described as any fluid and solid particles dropped in the air. Any particles less than 50 micrometer in diameter could be suspended into air for extended period before rest on environmental surfaces or enter respiratory tract. Bioaerosol are a complex mixture of airborne particles of biological origin such as bacteria, viruses, and fungus.

In dental clinic, dental team are exposed to infectious droplet through a direct contact with body fluid of patient, contact with environmental surfaces or instrument. Dental aerosol might be not easily to measure. However, many studies assess the amount of bacteria using bacteria growth media such as blood agar culture. In addition, particle number concentrations are considered as indication for health exposure risk to describe cleanroom. Particles in the range of 0.5-10 µm diameter can be inhaled and held on the human lung's terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Dental instruments and procedure generate varies air-borne contamination amount, the highest bacterial growth was produced by ultra-sonic scaler, followed by the air-driven high-speed handpiece, the air polisher and various other instruments such as the airwater syringe and prophylaxis angles. In addition, one of study in vitro was found the high amount of aerosol and spatter generated from ultrasonic scalar if used without cooling and presence of small amounts of liquid placed at the operative site to mimic blood and saliva.

Using personal protective barrier (PPE) would be prevented spatter droplets but particles which is less than 50 micrometer that consist of infectious agent has the potential to enter the respiratory tract through leaks in masks. The exact hazard effects of dental aerosol not possible to recognize currently however the probable spread of infection should be minimized and eliminated.

Infection control should be carried out to maximum level to provide safe environment in dental clinic. Controlling of aerosol and bioaerosol that generated through a different procedure is important to patient and dental staff in order to reduce transmission of infectious disease through direct contact with a surface prior to aerosol and bioaerosol settle down or through inhalation route.