Brief Intervention in At-Risk First-time Mothers

Phase 1

Completed

Brief Summary: Preliminary controlled trial of a brief intervention designed to reduce child maltreatment risk among low-income pregnant mothers. Foci will include major risk factors for maltreatment, including substance abuse, social isolation, depression, violence exposure, and maladaptive child-rearing attitudes/beliefs.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Receipt of public assistance (e.g., Medicaid, Food Stamps), ability to communicate in English

Exclusion Criteria

Frank psychosis or other cognitive impairment

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Brief intervention session	Brief motivational intervention	-

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Alcohol Use	3 month follow-up	Alcohol use was measured by looking at frequency of use in past 30 days with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), reported at the 3 month follow-up. The mean of each the control and intervention group was used. Frequency of use ranged from 0 to 5 for the follow-up sample. Higher scores mean more frequent use of the substance.
Drug Use	3 month follow-up	Drug use was measured by looking at frequency of use in past 30 days with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), reported about marijuana use at the 3 month follow-up. The mean of each the assessment only and intervention group was used. Scores ranged from 0 to 13 for the follow-up sample. Higher scores mean more frequent use of the substance.
Child Abuse Potential	baseline and 3 month follow-up	Change score was calculated by taking the follow-up scores on the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (BCAP) and subtracting the baseline score. The possible total score for the BCAP ranges from 0 to 24. Therefore, the possible range of scores for the change calculation (reported below) is -24 to +24. Higher scores indicate higher risk at the follow-up visit (worse outcome).
Treatment Engagement	at 3 month follow-up	The number of participants who reported seeking outpatient substance abuse treatment since baseline (either at a treatment facility or through outpatient counseling).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Depression	at 3 month follow-up	Depression was measured by using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) at the 3 month follow-up. CES-D total scores can range from 0 to 60. Scores at 16 or higher indicate clinical significance. Higher scores represent higher risk for depression.