Evaluation and comparison of gingival retraction by 25% aluminium chloride impregnated retraction cord and 10%, 15% & 20% concentrations of acacia catechu herbal solution impregnated retraction cord on single posterior tooth: a randomized controlled trial

Gingival retraction is a crucial step in fixed prosthodontic procedures to accurately record finish lines and ensure the longevity of restorations. Conventional chemical agents such as aluminium chloride, though effective, may have undesirable effects on gingival tissues and impression materials. Acacia catechu, a medicinal plant known for its astringent, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, offers potential as a biocompatible alternative.

This single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial will include 16 participants. Each participant will undergo gingival retraction on a single posterior tooth using four different retraction cords impregnated with 25% aluminium chloride and Acacia catechu solutions of 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations, applied at 7-day intervals. The degree of gingival displacement will be measured under an optical microscope using image analysis software.

Data will be statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests to determine significant differences among groups. The study seeks to identify the most effective concentration of Acacia catechu solution for gingival retraction compared with the conventional aluminium chloride method, thereby exploring a safer, natural, and cost-effective alternative for clinical use in prosthodontics.