Acute Aerobic Exercise and Neuroplasticity in Depression

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Depression; Depressive Disorder
• Interventions: Behavioral: Aerobic Exercise; Device: Paired Associative Stimulation

• Registration Number: NCT02839837
• Lead Sponsor: Medical University of South Carolina

Brief Summary

Depression is associated with a disruption in the mechanisms that regulate neuroplasticity. Effective treatment and rehabilitation of depression, and other neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, relies on neuroplasticity. Thus, identifying therapies that enhance neuroplasticity (neuroplastic adaptation) are vital in the comprehensive treatment of depression. Aerobic exercise training has been demonstrated to have antidepressant properties and single bouts of aerobic exercise may provide short-term improvements in affective states in depression. Furthermore, acute aerobic exercise may enhance the response to known neuroplasticity-inducing paradigms. However, it is unclear if aerobic exercise can influence neuroplasticity in depression and the neurobiological mechanisms underlying acute neuroplastic changes are not well understood in depressed and healthy cohorts. Thus, the purpose of this project is to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on neuroplastic, neurobiological, and mood indices of depression.

Detailed Description

The investigators will determine the effects of exercising at two different intensities (compared to a control non-exercise condition) on neuroplastic potential in depressed and non-depressed subjects. To accomplish this aim, the investigators will have subjects ride a cycle ergometer at intensities set to elicit 35% (low) and 70% (high) of heart rate reserve (((220 - age) - resting heart rate) x 35% or 70%) + resting heart rate). Prior to, and immediately after exercise participants will have their neuroplastic potential tested via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), blood specimens sampled, and mood changes assessed (methods detailed below). These assessments will occur at these time points and then every 15 minutes for 1 hour after exercise.

Neuroplastic potential will be assessed using TMS. TMS-induced motor evoked potentials (MEP's) will be recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis as a way to measure changes in the excitability of the corticospinal tract in response to exercise and paired associative stimulation. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cortisol levels will be obtained through blood specimen samples in order to examine the potential exercise-induced changes in known stress- and neuroplasticity-related biomarkers. Mood and affect will be surveyed using the Activation-Deactivation Checklist (AD ACL), feeling scale (FS), and felt arousal scale (FAS). These measures will permit the assessment of exercise-induced changes in mood and affect.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2016-05
• Study First Submitted: 2016-07-12
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-07-18
• Study First Posted: 2016-07-21
• Primary Completion: 2018-12
• Study Completion: 2018-12
• Status Verified: 2019-01
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-01-29
• Last Update Posted: 2019-01-30

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 38

Inclusion Criteria

For all:

1. age 18-50 year old.
2. ability to provide informed consent.

Further inclusion criteria for participants with depression:

1. meets criteria for unipolar depression assessed using the Mini-international Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
2. a Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score of 20 or greater
3. current depressive episode began no longer than 3 years earlier
4. psychoactive drug free or have maintained a stable dose of up to one antidepressant medication for four weeks prior to study participation

Further inclusion criteria for control participants:

1. does not meet criteria for unipolar depression assessed using the MINI
2. a MADRS score of 6 or less
3. no history or previous diagnosis of depression

Exclusion Criteria (for all participants):

• primary diagnosis of another Axis 1 disorder
• secondary diagnosis of a psychotic disorder, cognitive disorder, substance-related disorder, or obsessive compulsive disorder
• illicit drug use or alcohol abuse
• current smoker
• history of seizures
• other diagnosed neurological or musculoskeletal disorder/injury, uncontrolled cardiovascular or metabolic disease
• resting blood pressure > 200mmHg systolic or 100mmHg diastolic
• electronic or metal implants
• current participation in a structured exercise program
• pregnancy

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Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Depressed and non-depressed controls	Aerobic Exercise	All participants will participate in three different conditions: Low intensity aerobic exercise and paired associative stimulation, high intensity aerobic exercise and paired associative stimulation, no exercise control and paired associative stimulation. The order of conditions will be randomized.
Depressed and non-depressed controls	Paired Associative Stimulation	All participants will participate in three different conditions: Low intensity aerobic exercise and paired associative stimulation, high intensity aerobic exercise and paired associative stimulation, no exercise control and paired associative stimulation. The order of conditions will be randomized.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in peak to peak MEP amplitude (mV)	From baseline to one hour post-PAS

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in serum BDNF (ng/ml)	From baseline to one hour post-exercise
Change in serum cortisol (ng/ml)	From baseline to one hour post-exercise

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Stroke Recovery Research Center; 🇺🇸 Charleston, South Carolina, United States