Mainstreaming a Life Skills Education Programme Right to Play- Plus to Reduce Violence Against Girls in Pakistan
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 3,000
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change in physical, emotional, and sexual violence
研究概览
简要总结
Right to Play-Plus (RTP-Plus) aims to address violence against women and girls by promoting changes in social norms among young people within the school environment. The project focuses on building the capacity of young people to identify harmful gender norms and prevent violence against girls and boys by incorporating Right to Play's play-based learning methodology and Aahung's Life Skills Based Education curriculum. The strategies employed include interactive, learner-centered methodologies, curricular activities, and the development of peer educators and junior leaders. Teachers play a crucial role as key influencers and delivery agents of the curricular content. The project emphasizes capacity development for teachers, challenging their social norms, strengthening their play-based methodologies, and improving their sexual and reproductive health and rights knowledge (SRHR). The ultimate goal is to equip teachers to effectively deliver a gender transformative curriculum, empowering young people to respond to and prevent violence.
The research question for this study is:
What is the effectiveness of an adapted play-based life skills education that incorporates a "whole school" approach in reducing sexual harassment and abuse, peer violence experiences, mental illness (including suicidal ideation), improving resilience, and promoting gender equity, SRHR knowledge in both home and public settings?
The research objective will be achieved through two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial (for girls-only, co-ed, and boys-only schools). The intervention arm participants will be able to participate in the adapted play-based life skills education intervention, which the Right to Play and Aahung will deliver. It will be provided to all eligible school children in grade 6. Moreover, a delayed intervention will be offered to the control arm upon completion of endline data collection after the comprehensive intervention is delivered in the intervention arm.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Health Services Research
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 10 Years 至 16 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Schools will be chosen from District Malir and adjacent areas, including Korangi and East Karachi. Among the 100 selected schools, the following distribution will be maintained: 40 girls-only schools (public), 40 co-ed schools (private), and 20 boys-only schools (public).
- •Schools having a minimum of 30 students enrolled in grade 6
- •Private schools with low to medium fees, with monthly amounts ranging from PKR 2000 to
- •Factors such as teacher availability, school management support, accessibility to research and intervention partners, and school clustering will also be considered for the selection of these hundred schools.
- •Schools' willingness to adapt child protection and safeguarding/anti-harassment administrative measures and policies to improve school safety, reduce the use of corporal punishment, enhance school performance, and increase girls' retention rates, primarily apply to private schools.
排除标准
- •Schools where Right to Play or Aahung have already implemented their play-based/other activities.
研究组 & 干预措施
Intervention
The intervention arm participants will receive the adapted play-based life skills education intervention from teachers, which the Right to Play and Aahung will deliver.
干预措施: Right to Play-Plus (RTP-Plus) (Behavioral)
Control
The control arm will not receive the intervention during the two years of cluster randomised control trial (cRCT). However, a delayed intervention will be offered to the control arm upon completion of endline data collection after the comprehensive intervention is delivered in the intervention arm.
干预措施: Control (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Change in physical, emotional, and sexual violence
时间窗: From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.
International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN)-Child Abuse Screening Tool for children (ICAST-C) is used to measure physical, emotional and sexual violence at home among children aged 11 to 18 years. It has been adapted for use in school settings in previous studies to measure child abuse at school. 12 items related to physical and emotional violence, and 9 items related to sexual violence will be used in the current study to measure physical, emotional and sexual violence at home, school, and community. Each item is measured if this incident happened with the child or not. If yes, then next column measures whether it happened in the past 4 weeks or not. Moreover, there are questions about the location of such an incident and the person who perpetrated it. These questions will yield data on the proportion of children affected by physical, emotional, and sexual violence, the location of perpetration, and the characteristics of perpetrators.
Change in cyber sexual harassment
时间窗: From enrollment to the end of the intervention after 2 years.
Following the same pattern of International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN)-Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C) questions to measure physical, emotional, and sexual violence, a self-developed 6-item scale will be used to measure the prevalence (with answers yes (1), no (0), or don't know (-99)) of cyber sexual violence, its frequency in the past 4 weeks and the information on location and perpetrators. These questions will yield data on the proportion of children affected by cyber sexual violence, the location of perpetration, and the characteristics of perpetrators.
Increased self-efficacy to respond to violence
时间窗: From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.
A self-developed 2-item scale adapted from the Self-Efficacy to Deal with Violence Scale to measure confidence in responding to an act of violence. All items will be measured on a binary scale from 0 to 1 where 0 (No) refers to not confident, and 1 (Yes) refers to confident. The results will reflect the proportion of having confidence in responding to violence.
次要结局
- Change in attitudes towards gender equality(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Change in acceptability of violence against women(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Change in peer violence perpetration(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Change in sexual health confidence(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Change in beliefs about child marriage(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Increased resilience(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
- Change in depression(From enrollment to the end of intervention after 2 years.)
研究者
Dr Rozina Karmaliani
Professor & Associate Director
Aga Khan University