Comparison of Tympanoplasty Surgery Outcome Using Amniotic Membrane and Autologous Temporalis Fascia: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

The tympanic membrane separates the middle and the outer ear from each other and consists of three layers. The outer layer is covered with squamous epithelium, a thick basement membrane in the middle and an inner Mucosal layer. Rupture of the tympanic membrane is common cause of hearing loss.

In spite of the ability to spontaneously healing of the tympanic membrane, chronic tear of the eardrum in the absence of its spontaneously healing indicates surgical management. These surgeries are performing using various materials including fascia, cartilage, fats, pericardium and paper patch. It has proven that using different materials results in outcome and postoperative complications. The criteria of the best graft material includes availability, preservability, manageability, and acceptance rate to the hosts. Human amniotic membrane is preservable. Also, there isn't significant immunologic reactions against such graft material. So, choosing the best graft for Tympanoplasty surgery decreases complications, hospitalizations after surgery, and costs, consequently.

Up to now, limited studies have been conducted on the patients who were used amniotic membrane in the surgical reconstruction. There are different outcomes and complications which depend on the size of the rupture and the problems associated with the surgical conditions.

Considering that it can reduce the surgical time and cost of surgery, and with its high success rate, it can even be used as a substitute for conventional methods. The aim of this study was to compare the result of surgical repair of the tympanic membrane using membrane amniotic and surgical Tympanoplasty with Autologous fascia. Here the investigators reported on 30 patients who underwent Typmanoplasty with amniotic membrane and Temporalis fascia grafting.