The Use of Indocyanine Green to Visualize Blood Flow to the Gastrojejunostomy During Bariatric Surgery.

Phase 4

Recruiting

Brief Summary: This is an interventional pilot study aimed to evaluate the use of NIF imaging as an intraoperative aid to assess the anastomotic blood flow to the gastric pouch and gastrojejunostomy during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and to determine its long-term impact on the rate of marginal ulceration, leaks and stricture.

Detailed Description: The purpose of this study is to examine intraoperative usefulness of near-infrared light fluorescence imaging with a contrast agent called indocyanine green to improve visualization of blood flow to a surgical connection between the small intestine and stomach (gastrojejunostomy) in patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery. ICG will be given prior to and after making the gastrojejunostomy to examine blood flow and then a subjective perfusion score will be given by the surgeon and assistant during the surgery.

Patients will be recruited before the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and the study data will be collected prospectively through standard bariatric follow up visits up to 2 years. A mid-term analysis of the procedure and patient outcomes will be performed for quality assurance purposes when half the study patients have undergone intraoperative ICG use. The ICG will be not given if a patient is allergic to sodium iodide or has a history of allergy to iodides because of the risk of a severe allergic reaction.

Participants will be assigned an identifying number to protect confidentiality. Descriptive univariate and multivariate statistical analysis will be performed on all patients satisfying the study's inclusion criteria.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Capacity to provide informed consent.
Over the Age of 18.
Eligible for bariatric surgery in Ontario and deemed an appropriate candidate for RYGB surgery by the bariatric program.
Commit to follow-up within the bariatric program, including behavioral and dietary modifications designed to aid in sustained weight-loss.
Treatment of marginal ulcer with the revisional surgery.

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Interventional group (with drug)	Stryker 1688 AIM system	The interventional group will receive indocyanine green during bariatric surgery inside the operating room before and after making the gastrojejunostomy.
Interventional group (with drug)	Indocyanine green	The interventional group will receive indocyanine green during bariatric surgery inside the operating room before and after making the gastrojejunostomy.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The applicability of ICG as an indicator of anastomotic blood flow during bariatric surgery.	2 years	ICG imaging will be performed intraoperatively using an existing imaging system (1688 Advanced Imaging Modalities (AIM) System (Stryker)), and the images will be assessed by the operating surgeons and as well as by an independent surgeon (part of the study team, independent from the surgery) postoperatively using a subjective assessment of intraoperative Fluorescence Intensity (FI), a 5-point scale to check blood flow of the stomach and small intestine at the new connection. The scale range is 1 to 5 where a score of 1 signifies no fluorescence signal and poor blood supply whereas a score of 5 signifies maximum fluorescence signal and blood supply. Images will also be analyzed postoperatively to obtain an objective score based on fluorescence intensity. The applicability of ICG imaging in the context of RYGB will be assessed based on the inter-observer agreement.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
To evaluate the safety of routine use of NIF imaging using ICG in bariatric patients.	30 days	Based on the literature, the investigator does not anticipate intra-operative or injection-related adverse effects. Nevertheless, the investigator will use the existing database that collects postoperative outcomes for 30 days to identify adverse events, if any.
The impact of ICG imaging on the rate of marginal ulcer and other complications (leaks, strictures).	2 years	The patients in the Toronto Western Hospital as per the standard care of bariatric program will be followed for up to 2 years following surgery to identify any complications including marginal ulcerations. Data is collected prospectively at the study site. The investigator will also use the data from the 5-point scale scoring system reference above to determine the correlation between the scores and the occurrence of marginal ulcers and any other complications (leaks, strictures).

Locations (1): Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network
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Toronto, Ontario, Canada