An Open, Prospective Clinical Trial on the Use of Reading Glasses in Children to Prevent Myopia

In myopia (nearsightedness), the eyeball is relatively to long, which means that the image produced by the cornea and lens is displayed in front of the retina.

The axial length of an adult eye is on average around 23 millimeters. Every millimeter of additional length must be corrected with a -2.75 diopter lens.

In newborns, the eyeball is about 18 millimeters long. It is believed that there are feedback loops during childhood and adolescence to control the growth of the eye.

Epidemiological studies show that myopia is an increasing health problem. There is a growing body of epidemiological evidence that environmental factors can influence the development of myopia.

The link between the environment and myopia lies in the quality of the retinal image. Experimental studies in various species have shown that if the retinal image is missing, eye growth is disturbed. Of even greater importance for the development of myopia is the knowledge that the primate eye can change its growth, depending on the strength and type of blurring of the retinal image: if lenses are placed in front of the eye during development, the eye growth changes in such a way that a sharp retinal image is achieved through these lenses. If divergent lenses are placed in front of the eye, the eye becomes longer, and if convergent lenses are placed in front of it, it becomes correspondingly shorter.